双斜槽转子感应电动机转子特性分析及等槽配合研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 20:11

本文关键词： 双斜槽电流相量槽配合径向电磁力同步附加转矩　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：振动与噪声水平是衡量电机质量的一项重要指标,工业生产与社会生活中对安静运转的电机都有很大的需求。双斜槽转子感应电动机具有低噪声、低振动的优点,并解决了单斜槽转子感应电动机容易产生轴向窜动以及无法完全消除同步附加转矩的缺点。本文针对双斜槽转子的拓扑结构特点,为进一步探索双斜槽转子感应电动机的结构特点对性能的影响,分析了双斜槽转子感应电动机的转子电流分布特点、槽配合的选择以及对同步附加转矩的影响,主要工作有以下几个方面:双斜槽转子绕组的电路图与传统单斜槽转子不同,为了研究双斜槽转子绕组上的导条、端环及中环电流间的关系。根据电机学基本原理,建立双斜槽转子绕组的电路图,在三维有限元软件中建立双斜槽电机模型,分别对堵转和额定运行两种工况进行仿真,通过电路原理使用软件中的场计算器计算导条、端环及中环中的电流,建立了双斜槽转子绕组电流的相量关系。当径向电磁力的阶次及频率,与电机的固有振型及固有频率重叠时,电机将发生共振,产生噪音。利用麦克斯韦张量法得到定子内表面的径向电磁力密度,分析了四种槽配合所产生的力波阶次与力波频率,通过模态分析方法计算定子的自然固有频率,有限元方法计算随时间空间变化的径向电磁力,对时空变化的径向电磁力作二维傅里叶分解得到径向电磁力的力波阶次及力波频率。将四种槽配合产生的力波阶次及频率与固有力波阶次及频率对比,得到最优槽配合。常规感应电机采用等槽配合具有众多优点,但存在堵转点存在大量的定子谐波磁场与转子谐波磁场相互作用,产生同步附加转矩,导致电机无法起动。为了解决这一问题,本文在等槽配合时采用双斜槽转子结构。根据叠加原理并忽略气隙磁场的饱和,采用磁势乘磁导法求解转子绕组产生的转子谐波磁场,再类比得到定子谐波磁势在转子绕组中感生的谐波磁势。根据同步附加转矩产生原理,分析不同次谐波所产生的同步附加转矩产生的速度点,推导同步附加转矩的公式,仿真对比直槽、单斜槽及双斜槽转子感应电动机在堵转点的堵转转矩,并通过试验验证了双斜槽转子感应电动机在堵转点的堵转转矩全为正值。
[Abstract]:The level of vibration and noise is an important index to measure the quality of motor. There is a great demand for quiet motor in industrial production and social life. The rotor induction motor with double slant slot has low noise. The advantages of low vibration, and solve the single slot rotor induction motor easy to produce axial channeling and can not completely eliminate the synchronous additional torque. This paper aims at the characteristics of double slant slot rotor topology. In order to further explore the influence of the structure characteristics of double-slant slot rotor induction motor on the performance, the characteristics of rotor current distribution, the selection of slot fit and the effect on synchronous additional torque of double-slant slot rotor induction motor are analyzed. The main work is as follows: the circuit diagram of the double slant slot rotor winding is different from the traditional single skew slot rotor winding, in order to study the guide bar on the double inclined slot rotor winding. According to the basic principle of motor, the circuit diagram of double slant slot rotor winding is established, and the model of double slant slot motor is established in 3D finite element software. Through the circuit principle, the field calculator in the software is used to calculate the current in the guide bar, the end ring and the ring. The phasor relation of rotor winding current with double slant slot is established. When the order and frequency of radial electromagnetic force overlap with the inherent mode and natural frequency of the motor, the resonance of the motor will occur. The radial electromagnetic force density of stator inner surface was obtained by Maxwell Zhang Liang method, and the force wave order and force wave frequency produced by four grooves were analyzed. The natural natural frequency of stator is calculated by modal analysis method, and the radial electromagnetic force varying with time and space is calculated by finite element method. The order of force wave and the frequency of force wave of radial electromagnetic force are obtained by two-dimensional Fourier decomposition. The order and frequency of force wave produced by the coordination of four grooves are compared with the order and frequency of natural force wave. The conventional induction motor with equal slot fit has many advantages, but there is a large number of stator harmonic magnetic field and rotor harmonic magnetic field interaction, resulting in synchronous additional torque. In order to solve this problem, the double slant slot rotor structure is adopted in this paper. According to the superposition principle, the saturation of air gap magnetic field is ignored. The harmonic magnetic field generated by rotor winding is solved by magnetic potential multiplying magnetic conductance method, and the harmonic magnetic field induced by stator harmonic magnetic potential in rotor winding is obtained by analogy. The speed points of synchronous additional torque generated by different subharmonics are analyzed, the formula of synchronous additional torque is deduced, and the torque of rotor induction motor with straight slot, single slant slot and double slant slot is simulated and compared. The results show that the torque of the rotor induction motor with double slant slot is positive at the turning point.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM346

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