基于异步发电机稳压SVC系统的研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 11:23

  本文选题：异步发电机 + 端电压稳定　； 参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：异步发电机在实际稳态运行过程中具有较差的带载能力,利用具有快速调节特性的静止无功补偿器(Static Var Compensator—SVC)产生无功功率来补偿负载变化时异步发电机所缺少的无功部分,以维持端电压的稳定。根据异步发电机在负载变化时端电压的变化曲线,提出SVC电压控制的策略,用以控制端电压。本文对基于异步发电机稳压SVC系统进行了研究,分别搭建了仿真模型和实物模型进行实验,通过对测量的系统电压变量进行对比分析,验证SVC对异步发电机端电压的控制效果。分析了异步发电机的暂态数学模型,对SVC的结构和工作原理进行分析,推导出SVC的数学模型,并结合异步发电机本身特点以确定SVC的补偿容量。用SVC来补偿负载变化时系统无功缺额,克服了传统投切固定电容器的慢速性和间断性的缺点。由于SVC中TCR模块自身的构造将产生一定量的谐波,针对含有的特定谐波设计相应的滤波器以改善SVC系统的性能。对传统检测SVC系统中无功电流的方法p-q法和ip-iq法进行了分析,并提出了一种新的基于瞬时无功功率理论的检测方法,提高无功电流的检测速度,改善检测精度。分析了FC-TCR型SVC几种常用的控制策略,最终确定采用电压闭环控制,并对PI控制器进行设计。根据采用的控制策略,对SVC稳压系统的主要硬件电路进行了设计,如供电电源的设计、信号采样电路设计、电压同步电路设计、晶闸管数字触发器设计等;同时对软件电路进行设计,主要包括主程序设计、中断程序设计等。对孤立异步发电机投载运行进行了仿真和实验,由实验结果证明仿真模型的正确性和精确性。对基于异步发电机的SVC稳压系统投载运行进行不同PI控制参数下的仿真和实验,通过对实验结果进行分析,说明不同PI控制参数对系统的影响,验证了基于异步发电机稳压SVC系统对异步发电机端电压控制的正确性和有效性。该系统和传统投切固定电容器相比具有优越性,但控制系统仍有一定的缺陷,仍需继续改进。
[Abstract]:The asynchronous generator has poor load capacity in the process of practical steady operation. The static Var compensator (static Var Compensator-SVC) is used to generate reactive power to compensate for the lack of reactive power when the load changes. To maintain the stability of the terminal voltage. According to the change curve of terminal voltage when the load of asynchronous generator changes, the SVC voltage control strategy is put forward to control the terminal voltage. In this paper, the SVC system based on asynchronous generator voltage stabilizer is studied, and the simulation model and the real model are set up for experiments, and the control effect of SVC on the voltage of asynchronous generator terminal is verified by comparing and analyzing the voltage variables of the measured system. The transient mathematical model of asynchronous generator is analyzed, the structure and working principle of SVC are analyzed, the mathematical model of SVC is deduced, and the compensation capacity of SVC is determined according to the characteristics of asynchronous generator itself. The SVC is used to compensate the reactive power deficit of the system when the load changes, which overcomes the shortcomings of the slowness and discontinuity of the conventional switching fixed capacitors. Because the construction of TCR module in SVC will produce a certain amount of harmonics, corresponding filters are designed to improve the performance of SVC system. Based on the analysis of the traditional reactive current detection methods, p-q method and ip-iq method, a new detection method based on instantaneous reactive power theory is proposed to improve the detection speed and accuracy of reactive current detection. Several common control strategies of FC-TCR SVC are analyzed. Finally, voltage closed loop control is adopted and Pi controller is designed. According to the control strategy, the main hardware circuits of SVC voltage stabilizer system are designed, such as power supply design, signal sampling circuit design, voltage synchronization circuit design, thyristor digital flip-flop design and so on. At the same time, the software circuit design, including the main program design, interrupt program design and so on. The simulation and experiment of the isolated asynchronous generator are carried out, and the correctness and accuracy of the simulation model are proved by the experimental results. The simulation and experiment of SVC voltage stabilized system based on asynchronous generator under different Pi control parameters are carried out. Through the analysis of the experimental results, the influence of different Pi control parameters on the system is explained. The correctness and effectiveness of voltage control based on SVC system for asynchronous generator are verified. Compared with the conventional switching fixed capacitor, the system has advantages, but the control system still has some defects, which still need to be improved.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM31

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