计及电动汽车最优时空分布的分级调度模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 11:06

本文选题：经济调度　切入点：电动汽车与电网互动　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着能源危机和环境问题的日益突出，节能减排越来越受到关注，而大力推广电动汽车是最好的途径之一。电动汽车电池所具备的储能特性使它不仅能作为负荷从电力系统汲取电能，且在电网负荷高峰时，能够通过电动汽车入网技术向系统输送能量。随着智能电网的发展和电池技术的突破，电动汽车最终将作为分布式储能单元成为智能电网的重要组成部分。论文通过分析电动汽车规模化发展对配电网及发电调度的影响，针对电动汽车调度过程分解协调问题、电动汽车时空分布问题和电动汽车随机性问题等，提出计及电动汽车最优时空分布的分级经济调度模型，包括计及电动汽车集群的经济调度模型、电动汽车集群充放电优化模型，深入研究计及电动汽车的调度模型，旨在降低未来电动汽车规模化发展对电力系统的负面影响，促进电动汽车的快速发展，为实现电动汽车与电网有效互动奠定理论基础。以传统机组组合模型为基础，建立了计及电动汽车集群的双层经济调度模型，并充分考虑电动汽车集群的时空分布特性，将模型解耦为机组最优组合和电动汽车代理商最优充/放电计划两个子模型。内层模型为基于最优潮流的机组组合模型：根据次日电力系统负荷预测值，以及外层模型输出的各电动汽车代理商的出力/负荷，以发电成本最低为目标函数求解，得到各机组最优启停计划及出力。外层模型为电动汽车代理商最优充放电计划模型：根据代理商所辖区域电动汽车用户申报的互动信息，以配电网网损最小为目标函数求解，得到各电动汽车代理商充放电能量最优配置。通过6节点系统和IEEE-30节点测试系统计算分析，表明论文模型能够有效调度电动汽车代理商参与电网互动，降低总体社会成本的同时使得配电网网损最小，，优化结果对充放电站的规划选址具有指导意义。计及电动汽车用户用车便利性，建立了基于优先权的电动汽车集群充放电优化模型。论文分析了电动汽车申报各项信息对代理商制定策略的影响，建立电动汽车评价指标体系，以电动汽车申报容量和时段、诚信度及电池损耗为评价指标，基于熵权法确定电动汽车调度优先权。电动汽车代理商根据调度机构制定的调度计划，确定所辖区域电动汽车具体优化调度方案。通过4节点、2电动汽车代理商的微电网系统进行仿真计算，表明论文方法能够综合考虑电动汽车多项指标对调度策略的影响，有效地实现了调度机构为代理商拟定的调度计划。
[Abstract]:As the energy crisis and environmental problems become increasingly prominent, energy conservation and emission reduction have attracted more and more attention. It is one of the best ways to popularize electric vehicles. The energy storage characteristics of electric vehicle batteries make it not only as a load to draw electricity from the power system, but also during the peak load of the power grid. With the development of smart grid and the breakthrough of battery technology, electric vehicle will eventually become an important part of smart grid as a distributed energy storage unit. Based on the analysis of the influence of the scale development of electric vehicle on distribution network and power generation scheduling, this paper aims at the problems of the decomposition and coordination of electric vehicle scheduling process, the space-time distribution of electric vehicle and the randomness of electric vehicle. A hierarchical economic scheduling model considering the optimal temporal and spatial distribution of electric vehicles is proposed, including the economic scheduling model of electric vehicle cluster, the charging and discharging optimization model of electric vehicle cluster, and the scheduling model considering electric vehicle. The purpose of this paper is to reduce the negative impact of the scale development of electric vehicles on the power system in the future, to promote the rapid development of electric vehicles, and to lay a theoretical foundation for the effective interaction between electric vehicles and power grids. Based on the traditional unit combination model, a two-layer economic dispatching model considering the electric vehicle cluster is established, and the space-time distribution characteristics of the electric vehicle cluster are fully considered. The model is decoupled into two sub-models: the optimal unit combination model and the electric vehicle agent optimal charge / discharge plan. The inner model is the unit combination model based on the optimal power flow: according to the load forecasting value of the next day power system, And the output force / load of each electric vehicle agent outputted by the outer model is solved with the lowest generation cost as the objective function. The outer model is the optimal charging and discharging plan model for the electric vehicle agent. According to the interactive information reported by the electric vehicle users in the area under the agency's jurisdiction, the minimum network loss of the distribution network is taken as the objective function to solve the problem. Through the calculation and analysis of 6-bus system and IEEE-30 node test system, it is shown that the model can effectively dispatch electric vehicle agents to participate in grid interaction. At the same time, the overall social cost is reduced and the distribution network loss is minimized. The optimization results are of guiding significance for the planning and location of charging and discharging stations. Considering the convenience of electric vehicle users, an optimization model of electric vehicle cluster charging and discharging based on priority is established. Establish the evaluation index system of electric vehicle, take the declared capacity and time period of electric vehicle, honesty and battery loss as the evaluation index, Based on the entropy weight method to determine the priority of electric vehicle scheduling. The specific optimal dispatching scheme of electric vehicle in the region is determined. The simulation results of the micro-grid system of the 4-node and two-node electric vehicle agent show that the method can comprehensively consider the influence of many indexes on the dispatching strategy of the electric vehicle. The scheduling plan drawn up by the scheduling organization for the agent is realized effectively.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM73;U469.72

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