基于STC单片机无刷直流电机控制系统的设计

发布时间：2018-04-19 05:25

本文选题：无刷直流电机 + MATLAB　；参考：《太原科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断发展，高科技所带来的机器智能化已经被大部分人们所了解与应用，尤其是洗衣机、冰箱等家用电器的普及化，对这些电器的要求已经不单单是在功能上，还越来越注重它们的节能与环保。同时作为绿色家电驱动系统的主力，，无刷直流电机直接驱动系统正朝着多功能、高效节能与环保化等方面发展。本文是在考虑成本与性能的基础上设计一种可以应用于洗衣机上的无刷直流电机调速系统。论文首先通过学习无刷直流电机基本工作原理以及分析电机数学模型和电枢绕组连接方式，对无刷直流电机的控制方式(开环与闭环)、（传统PID控制与Fuzzy PID控制）进行了对比，并选取了合适的控制方式： Fuzzy PID双闭环控制方法。其次在MATLAB/Simulink下建立了BLDCM控制系统模型，通过对比Fuzzy PID控制调速系统与传统PID控制调速系统下的转速波形图，得出采用Fuzzy PID控制方法的调速系统比采用传统PID控制方法的调速系统具有更好的静、动态性能，响应更快，在突加负载时转速降也较小，抗干扰的能力更强。最后本文又给出了无刷直流电机控制系统的软硬件设计方略，通过protel DXP软件对系统的驱动板进行设计，核心处理器选择的是市场上最普通的STC89C52系列单片机，逆变单元是由Mosfet功率管P75NF75组成的三相逆变桥，驱动电路是由美国IR公司生产的IR2110系列驱动器芯片所组成，通过设计系统的逆变电路、驱动电路、电源电路等，参照MATLAB/Simulink仿真模型中的控制算法，对电机的调速控制系统进行软件设计，为系统的理论验证给出了依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the intelligence of machines brought by high technology has been understood and applied by most people, especially the popularization of household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators and so on.Also pay more and more attention to their energy conservation and environmental protection.At the same time, as the main driving system of green household appliances, brushless DC motor direct drive system is developing towards multifunction, high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.This paper designs a brushless DC motor speed regulating system based on cost and performance.Firstly, by studying the basic working principle of brushless DC motor and analyzing the mathematical model of the motor and the connection mode of armature winding, the paper compares the control modes of brushless DC motor (open loop and closed loop) (traditional PID control and Fuzzy PID control).And the suitable control mode: Fuzzy PID double closed loop control method is selected.Secondly, the BLDCM control system model is established under MATLAB/Simulink, and the speed waveform of Fuzzy PID control system is compared with that of traditional PID control system.It is concluded that the speed control system with Fuzzy PID control method has better static and dynamic performance, faster response, less speed drop and stronger anti-interference ability than the speed control system with traditional PID control method.Finally, the hardware and software design strategy of brushless DC motor control system is given. The drive board of the system is designed by protel DXP software. The core processor is the most common STC89C52 series single-chip microcomputer in the market.The inverter unit is a three-phase inverter bridge composed of Mosfet power transistor P75NF75. The driving circuit is composed of IR2110 series driver chips produced by IR Company of USA. The inverter circuit, drive circuit, power supply circuit and so on are designed.According to the control algorithm in the MATLAB/Simulink simulation model, the software design of the motor speed control system is carried out, which provides the basis for the theoretical verification of the system.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM33

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