超级电容器在光伏发电系统中充电控制的研究与仿真

发布时间：2018-06-20 21:58

本文选题：超级电容器 + 光伏发电　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为清洁能源的太阳能和风能是我们目前发展最好的选择,它们取之不尽,用之不竭,应用地域广泛,清洁环保,能同时解决化石燃料所带来的能源危机和环境污染问题,是人类目前发现的最为重要的能源。其中太阳能应用中的光伏发电,即光能转换成电能的形式,它以自己独特的天然优势倍受到人们的关注;并且太阳能发电跟其他发电装置的最本质区别是它不存在运动部件,这样就不会轻易的出现故障或损坏,维护起来更为简单方便。超级电容器在光伏发电系统作为新能源设备的作用变得越来越突出,它具有功率密度大,充电电量密度高,快速充放电,长寿命等优良的存储优势。本文以超级电容器储能控制装置为研究对象,研究其在独立光伏发电系统中相对于其他储能装置的优越性。首先将超级电容器与其他的传统储能装置进行对比,分析了超级电容器的储能方式,与传统储能装置相比超级电容器的储能优点。然后研究其直流储能单元,从而进一步对应用方面设计,并通过了验证。在相关理论分析的基础上,对传统的超级电容器模型进行改进,建立了超级电容器的等效参数模型,硬件电路使用常用的斩波电路,即直直变换电路(Buck),开关器件选用Mosfet,它具有开关速率高、稳定性好和驱动功率小的特点;另外,采用单片机芯片作为充电回路的控制部分,基于单片机具有高效率、低成本、简单实用等优点构建了基于超级电容器的独立光伏发电系统模型,最终设计得到了文中所述的超级电容器充电控制器,并针对控制器模型进行了仿真。
[Abstract]:Solar and wind energy, as clean energy, are the best choice for our development at present. They are inexhaustible, widely used in a wide range of areas, clean and environmentally friendly, and can solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels at the same time. It is the most important source of energy found by human beings at present. Photovoltaic power generation in solar energy applications, that is, the form of light energy converted into electric energy, has attracted people's attention because of its unique natural advantages; and the most essential difference between solar power generation and other power generation devices is that it does not have moving parts. In this way, the failure or damage will not occur easily, and maintenance is more simple and convenient. Supercapacitors play a more and more important role as new energy equipment in photovoltaic power generation system. They have the advantages of high power density, high charge and power density, fast charging and discharging, long life and so on. In this paper, the supercapacitor energy storage control device is studied, and its superiority over other energy storage devices in the independent photovoltaic power generation system is studied. Firstly, the supercapacitor is compared with other conventional energy storage devices, and the energy storage mode of the supercapacitor is analyzed, and the energy storage advantages of the supercapacitor are compared with the traditional energy storage device. Then the DC energy storage unit is studied, and the application is further designed and verified. On the basis of related theoretical analysis, the traditional supercapacitor model is improved, and the equivalent parameter model of supercapacitor is established. The common chopper circuit is used in the hardware circuit. It has the characteristics of high switching rate, good stability and low driving power. In addition, the single-chip microcomputer chip is used as the control part of the charging circuit, and based on the single-chip microcomputer, it has high efficiency and low cost. The model of independent photovoltaic power generation system based on supercapacitor is constructed and the supercapacitor charging controller described in this paper is designed and simulated.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM53;TM615

【参考文献】