电子式互感器动态特性测试终端嵌入式控制器研究与设计

发布时间：2018-06-20 22:25

本文选题：电子式互感器 + 嵌入式控制终端　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：互感器对变电站输电线路上的电压、电流信号进行变换并传输给变电站的二次设备,使之进行计量、保护、状态检测等重要任务。电子式互感器是近年来逐渐取代传统电磁式互感器的新型设备,相对电磁式互感器其主要性能指标得到提升之外,电子式互感器最大的特点是输出信号为数字信号。这一特点是实现变电站二次设备网络化的基础,是变电站实现智能化和自动化的前提。在目前阶段,我国的电子式互感器还处在试运行阶段。由于测试、校验方法和项目太过基础,而且主要针对的是电子式互感器的传感器环节,难以完成对电子式互感器整体结构的动态响应特性进行测试和评估,已经影响了电子式互感器的推广运用进程。在此背景下,四川电力科学研究院与电子科技大学能源科学与工程学院电力系统广域测量与控制实验室展开合作,研究电子式互感器动态响应特性测试的方法并开发相关仪器设备。电子式互感器动态响应特性测试的方法,是输出复杂电磁暂态仿真信号,测试电子式互感器设备中的采集系统在这类信号下的响应,以此对电子式互感器的特性做出评估。电子式互感器动态响应测试仪器包括上位机平台、高压运放模块和嵌入式控制终端,可以对一组三相线路上的电压、电流传感器输出进行仿真模拟,仿真的信号输入到测试对象——电子式电压互感器和电子式电流互感器的数据传送模块上。电子式互感器的响应信号由合并单元输出,上位机平台获取输出数据并对数据进行分析。ARM是一种基于RISC的CPU内核架构,基于ARM内核的控制器件具有功能强、能耗低、成本低、结构灵活的特点,被广泛的应用到了包括嵌入式控制在内的各个领域。搭载Linux操作系统的ARM嵌入式控制器可以很好的完成网络通讯的任务。FPGA是一种并行结构的数字逻辑器件,可以实现复杂的算法底层加速、硬件并行控制和多协议处理等任务。随着IC技术的发展,FPGA也越来越多的应用到了系统级的嵌入式控制任务。电子式互感器动态响应特性测试仪的嵌入式终端由6套FPGA+ARM架构的订制系统板组成。在深入研究FPGA逻辑控制器和ARM处理器特性和设计方式之后,结合电子式互感器动态特性测试需要的电磁暂态信号特征,本文详细介绍了仪器的嵌入式终端的功能设计。包括外部与内部硬件资源接口设计、缓存数据流的设计、6终端主/从模式的设计和相应的同步方法。在此基础上,本文讲述了嵌入式控制终端如何与上位机软件传输的数据与命令协调配合,以多种数据流操控方式和同步方式输出仿真数据,并通过嵌入式控制器的特性辅助上位机平台的分析。本文的最后对电子式互感器的动态测试方法做出展望,并针对目前研制的仪器的特性提出了改进的方案和建议。
[Abstract]:Transformer transforms the voltage and current signals of substation transmission lines and transmits them to the secondary equipment of the substation for important tasks such as metering, protection, state detection and so on. Electronic transformer is a new type of equipment which gradually replaces the traditional electromagnetic transformer in recent years. Compared with the main performance index of electromagnetic transformer, the biggest characteristic of electronic transformer is that the output signal is digital signal. This characteristic is the foundation of realizing the network of secondary equipment in substation and the premise of realizing intelligence and automation in substation. At present, the electronic transformer of our country is still in the trial operation stage. Because the testing, checking methods and items are too basic, and mainly aimed at the sensor link of electronic transformer, it is difficult to test and evaluate the dynamic response characteristics of the whole structure of electronic transformer. Has affected the electronic transformer promotion and application process. In this context, the Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute and the Power system wide area Measurement and Control Laboratory of the School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology, The method of measuring dynamic response characteristics of electronic transformers is studied and related instruments and equipments are developed. The test method of dynamic response characteristic of electronic transformer is to output complex electromagnetic transient simulation signal and test the response of acquisition system in electronic transformer equipment under this kind of signal so as to evaluate the characteristic of electronic transformer. The dynamic response test instrument of electronic transformer includes upper computer platform, high voltage operational amplifier module and embedded control terminal. It can simulate the output of voltage and current sensors on a group of three-phase lines. The simulated signal is input to the data transfer module of electronic voltage transformer and electronic current transformer. The response signal of electronic transformer is output by the merging unit. The upper computer platform acquires the output data and analyzes the data. Arm is a kind of CPU kernel architecture based on RISC. The control device based on arm kernel has strong function, low energy consumption and low cost. Flexible structure has been widely used in various fields, including embedded control. Arm embedded controller with Linux operating system can accomplish the task of network communication very well. FPGA is a kind of digital logic device with parallel structure, which can realize complex tasks such as algorithm bottom acceleration, hardware parallel control and multi-protocol processing. With the development of IC technology, FPGA is applied more and more to the embedded control task of system level. The embedded terminal of the electronic transformer dynamic response characteristic tester consists of six sets of FPGA arm architecture custom system board. After studying the characteristics and design methods of FPGA logic controller and arm processor, this paper introduces the function design of the embedded terminal of the instrument in detail, combined with the electromagnetic transient signal characteristics needed for the dynamic characteristic testing of electronic transformer. It includes the design of external and internal hardware resource interface, the design of cache data stream, the design of master / slave mode and the corresponding synchronization method. On this basis, this paper describes how the embedded control terminal coordinates with the data and commands transmitted by the host computer software, and outputs the simulation data in a variety of data stream manipulation and synchronization modes. The analysis of PC platform is aided by the characteristic of embedded controller. In the end of this paper, the dynamic testing method of electronic transformer is prospected, and the improvement scheme and suggestion are put forward in view of the characteristics of the instrument developed at present.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM45

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