电力自动化装置嵌入式软件平台设计

发布时间：2018-07-29 17:39

【摘要】：近年来,随着智能电网建设、智能变电站的发展及交直流系统互联的出现,使整个系统对继电保护装置、测控装置和安稳装置的适应性提出了新要求;智能一次设备、电子式互感器、数字化的二次回路及61850标准的应用,使得装置的构成形式及实施方案有了新的变化[1]。以上的行业发展趋势给电力自动化装置的软件提出了一系列新要求。要具备很强的应用适应能力和很广的需求覆盖面;可以适配各种装置硬件体系,具备强大的可移植性;软件可复用性好,开发效率高。因此,因此,本文提出了一种新的电力自动化装置嵌入式软件平台设计,对电力自动化装置的发展和软件的革新具有一定的应用价值。电力自动化装置嵌入式软件平台是经过总结、抽取各种装置的共性需求,基于结构清晰、灵活通用、扩展能力强、可靠性高的嵌入式实时操作系统研制的软件平台。本文设计的这种嵌入式软件平台采用分层架构设计,由三个层次组成,底层是设备驱动和操作系统适配层,中间为软件平台层,上层叫做应用层。软件平台层的功能按模块分类,每个模块为应用提供丰富的API接口,通过调用不同的函数和软件功能模块,可以构建多种不同的应用,软件平台层的设计能够实现底层与应用层之间的解耦,增强软件平台装置的扩展性和适应性[2-3]。设备驱动和操作系统适配层的程序可以根据硬件平台的不同而进行替换,而实时操作系统的类型也可以由开发人员任意选择,从而大大提高了嵌入式软件平台的可移植性。设备驱动、操作系统和软件平台层作为应用的基础和支撑,为应用的开发提供必要的API接口。对于功能模块丰富的软件平台层而言,主要的功能模块包括模拟量管理、开入量管理、通信、时间管理等模块,每个模块都提供实现各自功能的接口。根据这些API接口,用C语言设计并编写了部分功能函数,其中包括函数的调用入口、变量名称和类型注册、结构体和逻辑,构成了功能实现的最小单元集,同时也是嵌入式软件平台正常运行的基本保障。最后,根据嵌入式软件平台的三层架构和各层次间的API接口,阐述了具体的应用开发架构,将应用划分为任务,分别赋予优先级,遵循抢占式的任务调度机制,按照任务运行的流程执行应用功能。通过继电保护装置过流保护逻辑的开发实例,验证了本文设计的电力自动化装置嵌入式软件平台的实际作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the construction of smart grid, the development of intelligent substation and the emergence of AC / DC system interconnection, the whole system has put forward new requirements for the adaptability of relay protection device, measurement and control device and safety device. Electronic transformers, digital secondary circuits and the application of 61850 standard, make a new change in the configuration and implementation of the device [1]. The development trend of the above industry puts forward a series of new requirements for the software of power automation device. Must have the very strong application adaptability and the very broad demand coverage; may adapt each kind of device hardware system, has the formidable portability, the software reusability is good, the development efficiency is high. Therefore, this paper presents a new embedded software platform design for power automation devices, which has certain application value to the development of power automation devices and the innovation of software. The embedded software platform of power automation device is a software platform based on the embedded real-time operating system with clear structure, flexible and universal structure, strong extensibility and high reliability. The embedded software platform designed in this paper is composed of three layers. The bottom layer is the device driver and the operating system adaptation layer, the middle is the software platform layer, the upper layer is called the application layer. The functions of the software platform layer are classified into modules. Each module provides rich API interface for the application. By calling different functions and software function modules, many different applications can be constructed. The design of software platform layer can realize the decoupling between the bottom layer and the application layer, and enhance the extensibility and adaptability of the software platform device [2-3]. The program of device driver and operating system adaptation layer can be replaced according to the different hardware platform, and the type of real-time operating system can be chosen by developers at will, which greatly improves the portability of embedded software platform. Device driver, operating system and software platform layer are the foundation and support of application, and provide the necessary API interface for application development. For the rich software platform layer, the main functional modules include analog quantity management, open volume management, communication, time management and so on. Each module provides the interface to realize its own function. According to these API interfaces, some functional functions are designed and written in C language, including the function's calling entry, variable name and type registration, structure and logic. At the same time, it is also the basic guarantee of the normal operation of embedded software platform. Finally, according to the three-tier architecture of the embedded software platform and the API interface between the different levels, this paper expounds the specific application development architecture, divides the application into tasks, gives priority to the application, and follows the preemptive task scheduling mechanism. Execute the application function according to the process run by the task. Through the development of the relay protection device overcurrent protection logic, the practical function of the embedded software platform of the power automation device designed in this paper is verified.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM76

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