电动汽车中锂电池智能管理系统研究

发布时间：2018-08-11 09:14

【摘要】：汽车的能源问题已经是我国追求节能环保和缓解资源紧张所亟待解决的问题。经过大量研究人员的不懈努力,电动汽车的主要动力元件从早期的铅蓄电池发展到了目前广泛使用的锂电池。目前,锂电池材料和工艺的发展较为缓慢,正处在电池发展的瓶颈期,因此,研究开发一个能够充分发挥锂电池性能的电池管理系统对电动汽车的使用具有重要的意义。当前,研究者在对电池管理系统进行研究时,大多采用安时法这一算法对锂电池的电荷状态做出估算,这种算法比较粗放,不能有效准确掌握电池的实时状态。对于搭载于动力汽车的电池而言,实时掌握电池的使用程度能够改善电池的寿命、使用效率及损耗。本文主要分析了目前电动汽车的动力电池所采用的主要荷电状态估算技术和电池电压均衡控制策略；对常用锂电池管理系统中的荷电状态估算技术进行了比较分析,提出了一种基于DRNN神经网络的新型荷电计算方法,并对电池状态进行了仿真实验；针对锂电池组单体电池之间不一致性,选择了外电压控制策略作为本文的电压均衡控制策略；在使用TMS320F2812完成了对电源管理系统的硬件模块及外围电路设计的基础上,使用了新型LTC6802芯片作为电池子板的管理芯片；对系统的软件进行了模块化设计,将电源管理系统分解成一种总分式结构；在通信手段中使用了CAN总线方式,并采取了硬件和软件并行的抗干扰措施,以保证系统的稳定性。最后,对于电源管理系统中的重要部分进行仿真模拟,并对模拟结果进行了分析。该系统的研制,能够保证电动汽车中的锂电池性能始终处在一个良好运行状态,发挥其最大的作用。
[Abstract]:The energy problem of automobile is an urgent problem for our country to pursue energy conservation and environmental protection and ease the shortage of resources. With the unremitting efforts of a large number of researchers, the main power components of electric vehicles have developed from early lead-acid batteries to widely used lithium batteries. At present, the development of lithium battery materials and technology is slow, and it is in the bottleneck of battery development. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a battery management system that can give full play to the performance of lithium battery. At present, in the research of battery management system, most researchers use the amperometric method to estimate the charge state of lithium battery. This algorithm is extensive and can not effectively grasp the real-time state of the battery. For batteries in power vehicles, real-time control of the use of the battery can improve the battery life, efficiency and loss. This paper mainly analyzes the main charging state estimation technology and voltage equalization control strategy used in the power battery of electric vehicle, compares and analyzes the charge state estimation technology in the commonly used lithium battery management system. A novel charge calculation method based on DRNN neural network is proposed, and the simulation experiment is carried out, and the external voltage control strategy is chosen as the voltage equalization control strategy for the inconsistency between the lithium battery cell and the single cell. On the basis of using TMS320F2812 to design the hardware module and peripheral circuit of the power management system, a new type of LTC6802 chip is used as the management chip of the battery subboard, and the software of the system is designed by modularization. The power management system is decomposed into a general structure, the CAN bus is used in the communication method, and the anti-interference measures of hardware and software are adopted to ensure the stability of the system. Finally, the important parts of the power management system are simulated and the simulation results are analyzed. The development of the system can ensure that the performance of lithium battery in electric vehicle is always in a good operation state and play its greatest role.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U469.72;TM912

【参考文献】