基于智能电网的负荷管理系统分析与评价研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 03:58

【摘要】：在21世纪,社会的进步、经济的发展以及技术的升级,对供电服务质量和电力网络发展提出了更高要求。随着环境的不断恶化和能源危机的出现,智能电网的概念应运而生,并在近些年成为全球电力行业研究和探讨的热点话题。“智能互动”作为智能电网的建设目标和主要特点,包括信息和能源的相互作用,以鼓励用户来改变使用的传统的用电方法,积极参与电网运行,根据实时电价调整功率模式,可实现分布式电源的“即插即用”电网连接的操作模式。随着智能电网的提出,电力需求侧管理被赋予了一些新的内涵,需求侧管理是智能电网不可或缺的部分,大力开展需求侧管理技术,是决定智能电网是否可以成功实施的关键根本因素。作为需求侧管理重要技术手段和需求响应重要支持手段的电力负荷管理系统,它可以有效地实现对电力负荷的实时监测,能够使电负荷特性曲线得到改善,缩小用电高峰与低峰的谷差,实现电力负荷优化分配,降低损失,并最终提高发电、供电、用电电器设备的利用率,对经济效益的提高和节约型国家的实施具有很重要的意义。本文以智能电网建设为背景,从分析国内外电力负荷管理系统的研究现状出发,得出了电力负荷管理系统建设的必然性；阐述了电力负荷管理系统与智能电网的相关理论知识；从可行性分析、架构对比分析、效益分析等三个层面对电力负荷管理系统进行系统分析；利用层次分析法构建了系统评价指标体系,在此基础上对电力负荷管理系统和电力负荷控制系统进行了评价,得出了电力负荷管理系统在智能电网取向上要优于负荷控制系统的结论；结合唐山地区负荷管理系统的实际应用情况,以层次模型分析法得出的评价准则为依据,从系统经济效益和管理战略两方面对电力负荷管理系统进行改进分析。电力负荷管理系统符合智能电网环境中智能用电的基本要求,是实施计划用电的必要措施,也是实施节约用电以及安全用电的技术手段,更是电力营销和客户服务工作的重要组成部分,具有显著的经济和社会效益,随着我国改革开放的深入和电力事业的发展,它将在智能电网进程中起到越来越重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, the progress of society, the development of economy and the upgrading of technology have put forward higher requirements for the quality of power supply service and the development of electric power network. With the deterioration of environment and the emergence of energy crisis, the concept of smart grid has emerged as the times require, and has become a hot topic in the global power industry in recent years. "Smart interaction" is the goal and main feature of smart grid construction, including the interaction of information and energy, to encourage users to change the traditional methods of using electricity, to participate actively in the operation of power grid, and to adjust the power mode according to the real time electricity price. Can realize the distributed power "plug and play" power network connection operation mode. With the development of smart grid, demand-side management has been given some new connotations. Demand-side management is an indispensable part of smart grid. It is the key factor that decides whether the smart grid can be successfully implemented. As an important technical means of demand-side management and an important support means of demand response, the power load management system can effectively realize the real-time monitoring of power load and improve the characteristic curve of electric load. It is of great significance to reduce the valley difference between peak and low peak power consumption, to realize the optimal distribution of power load, to reduce the loss, and to improve the utilization ratio of power generation, power supply and electrical equipment, which is of great significance to the improvement of economic efficiency and the implementation of energy-saving countries. In this paper, based on the background of smart grid construction, the necessity of power load management system construction is obtained by analyzing the current research situation of power load management system at home and abroad, and the relevant theoretical knowledge of power load management system and smart grid is expounded. System analysis of power load management system is carried out from three aspects: feasibility analysis, frame contrast analysis and benefit analysis. The system evaluation index system is constructed by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the power load management system and the electric load control system are evaluated. It is concluded that the power load management system is superior to the load control system in smart grid orientation. Combined with the practical application of the load management system in Tangshan area, based on the evaluation criteria obtained from the analytic hierarchy process, the improvement analysis of the power load management system is carried out from the two aspects of the system economic benefit and the management strategy. The power load management system conforms to the basic requirements of intelligent power consumption in the environment of smart grid, is the necessary measure to implement the planned electricity consumption, and is also the technical means to save electricity and to use electricity safely. It is also an important part of electric power marketing and customer service, which has remarkable economic and social benefits. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up and the development of power industry, it will play an increasingly important role in the process of smart grid.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM76

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