高活性铝基合金燃料的制备与热性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 22:42

  本文关键词：高活性铝基合金燃料的制备与热性能研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 合金燃料 气雾化法 热反应活性 集中氧化 含能材料

【摘要】：为克服纯Al燃料在应用中遇到的问题,如燃烧不完全、燃烧速率低和点火温度高等,本论文通过将Al合金化,制备出高活性的Al基二元和三元合金燃料,使其成为有潜力应用于军工领域的含能材料。采用紧耦合气雾化法制备了Al-3Li和Al-6Mg二元合金燃料和不同配比的Al-Mg-Zr三元合金燃料。通过XRD、SEM/EDS、TG-DTA以及激光粒度仪等手段表征分析制备的合金粉末。结果表明,合金粉末具有良好的球形度很高且表面较为光滑。对于Al-3Li和Al-6Mg二元合金燃料,它们的氧化行为显著不同。Al-3Li合金只发生了一次剧烈的氧化反应,且该反应基本完全,而Al-6Mg合金则进行了多步氧化,且多步氧化反应后依然没有完全。通过Kissinger方程对这两种合金粉进行氧化动力学分析得出,Al-3Li合金唯一的一次氧化反应的表观活化能Ea为339.7 kJ·mol-1,Al-6Mg合金粉的第一次和第二次氧化反应的活化能Ea分别为183.7 kJ·mol-1和221.2kJ·mol-1。与Al-6Mg合金相比,Al-3Li合金具有更低的剧烈氧化温度,更大的反应速率和更加完全的反应程度,可知Al-3Li合金的总体热反应活性比Al-6Mg合金高。对于紧耦合气雾化法制备的Mg含量为5%~30%的Al-Mg-Zr合金粉,随着Mg含量的升高,氧化反应发生的温度明显降低,氧化过程由多步氧化逐渐转变为一步氧化。其中Al-20Mg-2Zr和Al-25Mg-2Zr粉末分别在945℃和938℃呈现集中氧化放热,且Al-20Mg-2Zr粉末具有最大的氧化放热焓。通过对Al-20Mg-2Zr粉末集中氧化后的产物分析得出,发生在945℃的剧烈氧化反应很完全,且该氧化反应的活化能Ea约为250 kJ·mol-1,频率因子A非常大,较小的活化能和很大的频率因子决定了该粉末在高温时的高活性和很大的氧化反应速率。最后,Al-3Li和Al-20Mg-2Zr都具有优异的反应活性,使得这两种合金燃料在军工领域具有潜在的应用前景。
[Abstract]:In order to overcome the problems encountered in the application of pure Al fuel, such as incomplete combustion, low combustion rate and high ignition temperature, Al binary and ternary alloy fuels with high activity were prepared by alloying Al. In this paper, Al-3Li and Al-6Mg binary alloy fuels and Al-Mg-Zr ternary alloy combustion with different ratios were prepared by tight coupling vaporization method, which have the potential to be used as energetic materials in the field of military industry. Through XRD. The alloy powder was characterized and analyzed by means of SEM- / EDS- TG-DTA and laser particle size analyzer. The alloy powder has good sphericity and smooth surface. For Al-3Li and Al-6Mg binary alloy fuel. The oxidation behavior of Al-3Li alloy was significantly different. The oxidation reaction of Al-3Li alloy had only one violent reaction, and the reaction was basically complete, while that of Al-6Mg alloy was multistep oxidation. The oxidation kinetics of the two alloy powders was analyzed by Kissinger equation. The apparent activation energy of the single oxidation reaction of Al-3Li alloy is 339.7 kJ 路mol-1. The activation energy of the first and second oxidation reactions of Al-6Mg alloy powder is 183.7, respectively. KJ 路mol-1 and 221.2 kJ 路mol-1. Compared with Al-6Mg alloy. Al-3Li alloy has lower oxidation temperature, higher reaction rate and more complete reaction degree. The results show that the overall thermal reaction activity of Al-3Li alloy is higher than that of Al-6Mg alloy, and the mg content of Al-Mg-Zr alloy powder prepared by tightly coupled vaporization method is 530%. With the increase of mg content, the temperature of oxidation reaction decreases obviously. The oxidation process gradually changed from multi-step oxidation to one-step oxidation, in which Al-20Mg-2Zr and Al-25Mg-2Zr powders showed concentrated oxidation exothermic at 945 鈩，

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