价值工程在汽轮机优化设计方案评价中的应用

发布时间：2018-03-01 20:41

本文关键词： 价值工程优化设计汽轮机设计评价方法　出处：《中国科学院大学(工程管理与信息技术学院)》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在众多的汽轮发电机制造企业中,ABP公司是一家经营大型火力发电设备的中外合资企业,主要生产600MW及其以上汽轮发电机组。自2004年11月份成立以来,经过不断发展,该公司已经形成年产8台汽轮发电机组的生产能力。在国际项目的竞争中,由于中国的劳动力价格相对较低,ABP一直具有一定的竞争优势。但在国内项目的竞争中却不是很理想,近两年来ABP参与投标了很多国内项目,但均未中标。其中最重要的一个原因就是产品价格远远超出其它竞争对手。如果ABP公司想在中国市场上占有一席之地并不断发展,降低成本就成了第一要务。降低成本是企业有效占领市场,提高竞争力的核心问题。所有的企业都在想方设法的降低成本。降低成本有根多种方法,其中最根本,也是最有效的就是优化设计,从根本上降低原材料的价格、减少生产制造时间和花费、避免不必要的浪费。价值工程正是针对了这一关键点进行分析。不论是针对新产品设计,还是老产品改进都离不开技术和经济,价值工程的方法在保证产品功能的前提下,降低产品制造难度,优化产品的设计结构,降低产品的生产成本,从而增加企业经济效益,提高企业的竞争力。本文对价值工程的理论及方法进行研究,分析了提高价值的主要五种途径,将基于价值工程的评价方法运用于到汽轮机设计优化之中。根据汽轮机的设计特点、成本构成及价值工程的核心问题,完成汽轮机的功能定义及整理、功能系数计算、成本系数计算及价值系数计算。通过价值工程的公式选择价值系数偏低的部件首先进行设计优化,随后按最适合区域法作图逐步筛选需要优化的产品及下一步价值工程工作的重点。进而针对需要优化的产品着重研究。基于汽轮机的特点采用WBS分解,头脑风暴,专家打分,优先矩阵等工具分层次的确定功能及用户需求指标的权重,利用价值功能定义及公式计算出各种设计的价值系数。最后以ABP公司价值系数最低的低压内缸为实例验证该价值工程评价方法的正确性与可行性。为ABP及其它的汽轮机设计制造型企业的设计优化过程制定了一套实用的方法。
[Abstract]:ABP is a Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise engaged in large-scale thermal power generation equipment, mainly producing 600MW and above turbine-generator sets. Since its establishment in November 2004, ABP has been developing continuously. The company has formed an annual production capacity of eight turbine-generator units. In the competition for international projects, ABP has always had a certain competitive advantage because of the relatively low labor prices in China, but it is not ideal in the competition for domestic projects. Over the past two years, ABP has been involved in bidding for many domestic projects, but has failed to win the bid. One of the most important reasons is that the price of products is far higher than that of other competitors. If ABP wants to take a place in the Chinese market and continue to grow, Reducing costs becomes the first priority. Reducing costs is the core issue for enterprises to effectively occupy the market and improve their competitiveness. All enterprises are trying to reduce costs. There are many ways to reduce costs, the most fundamental of which is to reduce costs. It is also the most effective way to optimize design, to fundamentally reduce the price of raw materials, to reduce production time and costs, and to avoid unnecessary waste. The improvement of old products can not be separated from technology and economy. Under the premise of ensuring the function of products, the methods of value engineering can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing products, optimize the design structure of products, reduce the production costs of products, and thus increase the economic benefits of enterprises. In this paper, the theory and method of value engineering are studied, and five main ways to improve value are analyzed. The evaluation method based on value engineering is applied to the optimization of steam turbine design. According to the characteristics of steam turbine design, the cost composition and the core problems of value engineering, the function definition and arrangement of steam turbine and the calculation of function coefficient are completed. Cost coefficient calculation and value coefficient calculation. Through the formula of value engineering, select the parts with low value coefficient to carry on the design optimization first, Then according to the most suitable area method, the products that need to be optimized and the key points of the next step value engineering work are selected step by step. Then the research is focused on the products that need to be optimized. Based on the characteristics of the steam turbine, WBS decomposition, brainstorming, and experts scoring are adopted. Priority matrix and other tools to determine the hierarchical function and the weight of user demand indicators, The value coefficients of various designs are calculated by using the definition and formula of value function. Finally, the low pressure inner cylinder with the lowest value coefficient of ABP company is taken as an example to verify the correctness and feasibility of the evaluation method of the value engineering. It is ABP and other methods. A set of practical methods have been developed for the design optimization process of steam turbine design and manufacturing enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(工程管理与信息技术学院)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK262

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