12M33柴油机曲轴设计开发

发布时间：2018-05-26 08:45

本文选题：V型柴油机 + 曲轴设计开发　；参考：《天津大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着发电机组的配套发动机高功率、低排放的要求,中、低速发动机在这一领域无法满足要求而呈逐步淘汰的趋势。相比直列机,V型发动机以结构紧凑、体积小、重量轻等优势,在大排量发动机中应用越来越广泛。曲轴是发动机中主要的运动部件之一。发动机的可靠性等也在很大程度上取决于曲轴系的强度、扭振、润滑等,它的参数决定并影响着发动机的整机尺寸和重量。随着柴油机动力性、排放要求不断提高,柴油机最大爆发压力不断提高,曲轴强度和扭振的问题变得尤为重要。因此,在进行柴油机开发时,必须优化曲轴的结构,通过仿真软件对曲轴的强度和轴系扭振、轴瓦承载等进行精确的仿真分析。本文结合潍柴动力股份有限公司开发的一款大型发电用12M33柴油机,对其曲轴进行了设计开发。文章根据对标分析及设计经验,确定了12M33曲轴基本尺寸,计算并分析了发动机的一阶、二阶惯性力及其惯性力矩,根据曲轴的离心惯性力和离心惯性力矩,对12缸V型柴油机曲轴进行平衡分析,并依据平衡理论提出了4平衡重、8平衡重和12平衡重曲轴布置方案,通过对不同方案的轴瓦载荷、轴系扭振等进行对比分析,最终确定了12平衡重的平衡方案;为曲轴匹配了减振器,使曲轴系扭振幅值处于合理范围;利用Creo软件和EXCITE Designer等软件,建立了曲轴轴系的三维模拟仿真模型,并进行了曲轴强度、轴瓦承载能力及轴系扭振计算与分析;通过疲劳试验及台架试验,验证了曲轴强度、扭振幅值及可靠性均达到预期设计目标要求。该项工作为潍柴动力股份有限公司在V型柴油机曲轴开发奠定了重要的理论基础,通过12M33曲轴的设计开发,积累了设计经验。
[Abstract]:With the high power and low emission requirement of the generator set, the low speed engine can not meet the requirements in this field and is gradually phased out. Compared with in-line engine, V-engine is widely used in large displacement engine because of its compact structure, small size and light weight. Crankshaft is one of the main moving parts in engine. The reliability of the engine also depends on the strength of the crankshaft system, torsional vibration, lubrication and so on. Its parameters determine and affect the size and weight of the engine. With the increasing of diesel engine power and emission requirements, the maximum burst pressure of diesel engine is increasing, and the problems of crankshaft strength and torsional vibration become more and more important. Therefore, in the development of diesel engine, the structure of crankshaft must be optimized, and the strength of crankshaft, torsional vibration of shaft system and bearing of bearing bush should be accurately simulated and analyzed by simulation software. In this paper, a large 12M33 diesel engine for power generation is developed by Weichai Power Co., Ltd. The crankshaft is designed and developed. Based on the standard analysis and design experience, the basic dimensions of 12M33 crankshaft are determined, and the first and second order inertia forces and their inertia torque of the engine are calculated and analyzed. According to the centrifugal inertia force and the centrifugal inertia moment of the crankshaft, the first and second order inertia force and the inertia torque of the engine are calculated and analyzed. The balance analysis of 12 cylinder V diesel engine crankshaft is carried out, and according to the balance theory, the four balanced weight 8 balanced weight and 12 balanced heavy crankshaft layout schemes are put forward. The load of bearing bush and the torsional vibration of shafting are compared and analyzed by different schemes. Finally, the balancing scheme of 12 balancing weights is determined; the vibration absorber is matched for the crankshaft to make the torsional amplitude of the crankshaft system in a reasonable range; the 3D simulation model of the crankshaft shaft system is established by using Creo software and EXCITE Designer software. The strength of crankshaft, bearing capacity of bearing bush and torsional vibration of shafting are calculated and analyzed, and the strength, torsional amplitude and reliability of crankshaft are verified by fatigue test and bench test. This work has laid an important theoretical foundation for the development of V-type diesel engine crankshaft by Weichai Power Co., Ltd., and accumulated design experience through the design and development of 12M33 crankshaft.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK422

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