基于小波算法的瞬态功率平抑方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 21:36

【摘要】：为减少化石燃料使用带来的环境污染和能源枯竭问题,电能在汽车、飞机、舰船等独立电源系统中占有越来越大的比例。由不同的储能元件配合双向直流变换器组成的多类型储能系统(Hybrid Energy Storage System,HESS)通常作为上述动力总成中的一种能源架构形式。为了让各储能元件协调工作,提高系统效率,需要对储能系统进行能量管理。由于上述应用场合负载均存在短时脉冲性质,因此,该类场合储能系统的能量管理对实时性的要求较高。本文针对该场合的多类型储能系统的容量配置和协调控制展开了研究。主要研究内容如下:1.研究了离线小波变换和实时小波变换的原理和实现方式。分析了小波基函数、分解层数、边界处理方式、窗口宽度等参数对变换结果的影响。针对该应用场合对实时性的要求,分析了小波分解延时现象的本质原因并提出了改进的方式。2.采用小波变换对超级电容和蓄电池组成的多类型储能系统进行容量配置的研究。以重量最轻为目标,结合算例,改变小波变换中的关键参数,对比分析多组不同参数选择下的配置结果。3.采用实时小波变换对检测到的瞬态功率信息进行实时分解和分配,实现超级电容和蓄电池之间的协调控制。将采用实时小波变换的上层功率分解和底层功率分配有机结合,提出了基于负载功率的协调控制策略和基于母线电压的协调控制策略,并对两种方式进行了对比。在此基础上,提出了基于超级电容荷电状态(State-of-Charge,SOC)的反馈控制策略,以保证储能元件正常工作。4.搭建matlab仿真模型,验证所提算法的可行性。对各子系统进行主要参数的设计并搭建各子系统的仿真模型,主要为储能元件前端的buck/boost双向直流变换器、采用高频开关控制的脉冲型电阻负载、采用锂电池和双向buck/boost变换器实现的能馈型负载。在此基础上结合算例,分别采用两种协调控制策略对整体功能进行了验证。最后,验证了超级电容SOC反馈控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:In order to reduce environmental pollution and energy depletion caused by fossil fuel use, electric energy occupies an increasing proportion in independent power systems such as automobiles, aircraft, ships and so on. The multi-type energy storage system (Hybrid Energy Storage System,HESS) composed of different energy storage elements and bidirectional DC / DC converters is usually used as an energy architecture in the above power assembly. In order to make the energy storage components work harmoniously and improve the system efficiency, the energy management of the energy storage system is needed. Because of the short time pulse nature of the load in the above applications, the energy management of the energy storage system in this kind of occasions requires high real-time performance. In this paper, the capacity configuration and coordinated control of multi-type energy storage systems in this field are studied. The main contents are as follows: 1. The principle and implementation of off-line wavelet transform and real-time wavelet transform are studied. The effects of wavelet basis function, decomposition layer number, boundary processing method and window width on the transformation results are analyzed. According to the requirement of real time in this application, the essential reason of wavelet decomposition delay phenomenon is analyzed and the improved method is put forward. 2. The capacity configuration of multi-type energy storage system composed of super capacitor and battery is studied by wavelet transform. Taking the least weight as the target and combining with an example, the key parameters of wavelet transform are changed, and the configuration results under different parameter selection are compared and analyzed. 3. The real-time wavelet transform is used to decompose and distribute the detected transient power information in real time to realize the coordination control between super capacitor and battery. Combining the upper power decomposition of real time wavelet transform with the power allocation of the bottom layer, a coordinated control strategy based on load power and a coordinated control strategy based on bus voltage are proposed, and the two methods are compared. On this basis, a feedback control strategy based on supercapacitor charge state (State-of-Charge,SOC) is proposed to ensure the normal operation of energy storage elements. Matlab simulation model is built to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. The main parameters of each subsystem are designed and the simulation models of each subsystem are built, which are mainly buck/boost bidirectional DC / DC converter with high frequency switch control. The energy-fed load is realized by using lithium battery and two-way buck/boost converter. On the basis of this, two kinds of coordinated control strategies are used to verify the whole function. Finally, the effectiveness of the feedback control strategy for ultracapacitor SOC is verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK02

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