三门湾近期水动力特性观测研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 14:22

本文关键词： 海洋水文学三门湾潮动力特性流速梯度垂向变化　出处：《应用海洋学学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用2013年夏季包括大、中、小潮的三门湾大范围、同步水文观测资料,系统分析了三门湾近期潮动力的时空变化特征.结果表明,三门湾属于强潮海湾,湾顶处的各项潮汐特征值均大于湾口处.潮汐属于正规半日潮性质,潮波在向湾顶传播过程中浅水分潮增强明显.涨、落潮流历时相当,涨、落潮平均流速大小也比较接近,整体上优势流保持在45%~58%之间,涨落潮动力相对平衡.涨、落潮流矢表现出明显的往复流运动形式,整体涨落潮流向顺应三门湾的平面形态,主流向与湾内等深线基本平行.底摩擦对潮流的垂向结构作用明显,流速在垂向方向存在着明显的差异,大致成对数型结构分布,即表层或次表层流速最大,越靠下层流速越小,底层流速最小.各个测站之间,底层流速相对集中,越靠上层各测站之间流速大小差异越大,表层和次表层各站点之间流速大小差异最大.流速梯度极大值出现在急流附近,流速梯度的极小值出现在憩流附近.海床底部的粗糙度对流速梯度有着较大的影响.
[Abstract]:Based on the synchronous hydrological observation data of Sanmen Bay in the summer of 2013, including large, middle and small tides, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of recent tidal dynamics in Sanmen Bay are systematically analyzed. The results show that Sanmen Bay is a strong tidal bay. The tidal characteristic values at the top of the bay are all larger than those at the mouth of the bay. The tide belongs to the nature of normal semi-diurnal tide, and the shallow water tidal component increases obviously in the process of tide wave spreading to the top of the bay. The average velocity of falling tide is close, the dominant current is between 45% and 58% on the whole, and the tide fluctuation is relatively balanced. The current vector of rising and falling tide shows an obvious reciprocating current movement form. The whole fluctuating tidal current conforms to the plane shape of Sanmen Bay, the mainstream direction is basically parallel to the isobath in the bay, the bottom friction has obvious effect on the vertical structure of the tidal current, and the velocity of velocity is obviously different in the vertical direction. The distribution is approximately logarithmic structure, that is, the maximum velocity of surface or subsurface velocity, the smaller the velocity of the lower layer, and the smallest velocity of the bottom layer, and the relative concentration of the velocity of the bottom layer between the various stations. The larger the velocity difference between the upper stations, the greater the difference between the surface and subsurface stations. The maximum velocity gradient appears near the jet stream. The minimum velocity gradient occurs near the open current, and the roughness at the bottom of the seabed has a great influence on the velocity gradient.
【作者单位】：国家海洋局第二海洋研究所工程海洋学重点实验室;三峡大学水利与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(41506103) 浙江省自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(LQ16D060007)
【分类号】：P714.1;P731.2
【正文快照】： (1.国家海洋局第二海洋研究所、工程海洋学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012;2.三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002)河口海岸地区是陆海相互作用的核心地带,各种动力过程耦合多变,演变机制复杂.而该地区以其优越的地理位置和丰富的自然资源,自古以来就是人类的主要聚集地,同时也

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