海洋新能源领域的国际竞争格局及中国的商务机会

发布时间：2018-03-13 20:31

本文选题：海洋新能源　切入点：国际竞争　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：金融危机以来，在能源问题、气候变暖、重振经济的三重压力下，欧洲、美国、日本等沿海国家纷纷出台海洋新能源发展规划、产业激励政策促进海洋新能源产业的发展，海洋新能源表现出强劲的发展态势。学术研究也随之活跃起来，然而相关研究大多针对某种或某几种海洋新能源，研究内容也主要集中在资源调查、技术发展动态、发展规划规划和政策研究方面，缺乏相关的经济学研究。另外，目前对海洋新能源的开发利用不再只停留技术研究阶段，整个产业正在逐渐兴起，无论是市场参与者，还是政策的制定者，都迫切的需要了解行业发展潜力、市场竞争状况以及自身发展缺陷等信息。所以，我们有必要对海洋新能源进行市场竞争力分析等相关的经济学研究，并且时机已经成熟。这关乎海洋新能源产业未来的发展，以及中国能否抓住机遇，在国际市场竞争中占据有利席位。出于以上目的，，论文首先阐述了海洋新能源领域国际竞争研究所涉及的经济学理论，作为全文的理论基础，为后续的研究奠定基础。其次，选取在海洋新能源发展方面具有代表性的英国、美国、日本和中国四个国家，主要研究他们在技术研究、政策规划和市场发展方面的现状，并进行横向比较，阐述目前该领域的国际竞争态势：一方面，目前国际海洋新能源市场的参与国形成了一个三梯度的竞争模式——第一梯度是以英国、丹麦为代表的部分处于行业领先地位的欧洲国家，第二梯度是以美国、中国、日本为代表的行业新兴参与者，第三梯度是无法自主进行海洋新能源开发的国家；另一方面，由于海洋新能源产业尚处在发展的初级阶段，对技术的依赖性较高，所以这个竞争格局尚不稳定，这就为第二梯度的国家提供了发展机会。再次，为了使海洋新能源国际竞争的研究更加直接、客观、便于比较，本文构建了海洋新能源国际竞争力评价指标体系，运用模糊综合评价法构建模型，并对中国的竞争力水平进行计算，这为海洋新能源产业国际竞争力的研究提供一个可行的方法。在上述研究的基础上，结合国内海洋新能源开发的技术水平、要素成本、关联产业等情况，参考其他国家前期的发展经验和中国企业成功开发的项目，为中国参与海洋新能源领域国际竞争的方式提出建议：在以后的产业实践中，一方面要加强技术研发，及时与其他国家进行技术交流合作，取得技术突破；另一方面还要充分借助中国在制造业、国际贸易等方面的优势，缩小与其他国家的差距。所以论文认为以技术合作、国际工程承包、设备出口、国际性展会举办等方式为契机进入海洋新能源产业的国际市场是最佳的选择，这也正是目前中国在该领域的国际商务机会所在。
[Abstract]:Since the financial crisis, under the triple pressure of energy problems, climate warming, and revitalizing the economy, coastal countries such as Europe, the United States, Japan and other coastal countries have issued plans for the development of new marine energy resources one after another, and industrial incentive policies have promoted the development of new marine energy industries. New marine energy shows a strong trend of development. Academic research has also become active. However, most of the related studies are focused on some or several new marine energy sources, and the research contents are mainly focused on resource investigation and technological development. In terms of development planning and policy research, there is a lack of relevant economic research. In addition, at present, the exploitation and utilization of new marine energy sources are no longer confined to the stage of technological research, and the whole industry is gradually emerging, regardless of market participants. Or policy makers, they urgently need to know the potential of the industry, market competition and their own development defects. Therefore, it is necessary for us to carry out economic research related to the analysis of the market competitiveness of new marine energy sources. And the time is ripe. It's about the future of the new ocean energy industry and whether China can seize the opportunity to compete in the international market. For the above purpose, the thesis firstly expounds the economic theory involved in the international competition research in the field of new marine energy, as the theoretical basis of the full text, and lays a foundation for further research. Four countries, Britain, the United States, Japan and China, which are representative in the field of marine new energy development, are selected to study their status quo in technological research, policy planning and market development, and to carry out horizontal comparisons. Describing the current international competition situation in this field: on the one hand, the countries participating in the current international marine new energy market have formed a three-gradient competition model-the first gradient is based on the United Kingdom, Denmark is represented by some of the leading European countries in the industry. The second gradient is the emerging participants in the industry represented by the United States, China and Japan. The third gradient is the countries unable to develop new marine energy on their own; on the other hand, Because the marine new energy industry is still in the initial stage of development and is highly dependent on technology, the competition pattern is still unstable, which provides a development opportunity for the countries with the second gradients. Once again, In order to make the research on the international competition of new marine energy more direct, objective and easy to compare, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of the international competitiveness of marine new energy, and constructs the model by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The competitiveness level of China is calculated, which provides a feasible method for the study of the international competitiveness of marine new energy industry. On the basis of the above research, and in the light of the technological level, factor costs, related industries, etc. of the domestic marine new energy development, and referring to the previous development experiences of other countries and the successful development projects of Chinese enterprises, Some suggestions are put forward for China to participate in the international competition in the field of new marine energy: in the future industrial practice, we should, on the one hand, strengthen the research and development of technology, carry out technical exchange and cooperation with other countries in time, and make technological breakthroughs; On the other hand, we should also make full use of China's advantages in manufacturing and international trade to narrow the gap with other countries. It is the best choice to enter the international market of marine new energy industry by holding international exhibitions, which is where China's current international business opportunities in this field lie.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F721;P74

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