基于潮位校正的盐城滨海潮间带遥感监测及变化分析

发布时间：2018-03-22 04:38

本文选题：潮间带　切入点：湿地遥感　出处：《海洋学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：潮间带是重要的滨海湿地类型之一,在生物多样性保护、全球环境变化等方面具有不可估量的价值。遥感技术已经成为滨海湿地监测的重要手段。针对潮间带遥感监测中存在时相限制的瓶颈问题,本文结合卫星过境时潮位信息,通过建立GIS模型,将利用遥感方法提取出的瞬时水边线校正至平均高、低潮线,改进了通过遥感数据恢复潮间带高程和范围的方法。在此基础上,利用1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年的多期Landsat TM以及OLI遥感数据,对盐城滨海潮间带进行了遥感监测和分析。结果表明:(1)2015年江苏盐城潮间带面积为809.27km~2,相比1995年减小了47%;(2)1995年以来盐城滨海潮间带面积总体呈减小了趋势,其中1995-2000年潮间带面积减小幅度最大,约为205.67km~2;(3)潮间带主要分布在盐城滨海南部晚庄港-新开港,占全部潮间带面积的66%;同时潮间带面积的减小也主要发生在这个区域,减小的潮间带面积占减小总面积的84%;(4)潮间带范围的变化受人为和自然双重因素影响;海平面上升和滨海湿地的大量围垦,造成了潮间带的挤压效应,使得潮间带面积迅速减小,湿地围垦等人为因素起到主导作用。
[Abstract]:Intertidal zone is one of the important coastal wetland types, in biodiversity conservation, Global environmental change has inestimable value. Remote sensing technology has become an important means of coastal wetland monitoring. Aiming at the bottleneck of intertidal remote sensing monitoring, this paper combines the tide level information during satellite transit. By establishing GIS model, the instantaneous water edge line extracted by remote sensing method is corrected to mean high and low tide line, and the method of recovering the elevation and range of intertidal zone by remote sensing data is improved. Using multiissue Landsat TM and OLI remote sensing data from 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, Remote sensing monitoring and analysis of intertidal zone in Yancheng coastal area are carried out. The results show that the area of intertidal zone in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, in 2015 is 809.27km2, which is 47% less than that in 1995) the area of intertidal zone of Yancheng coastal area has generally decreased since 1995. From 1995 to 2000, the area of intertidal zone decreased the most, about 205.67 km ~ (2) ~ (3)) the intertidal zone was mainly distributed in the southern coastal area of Yancheng, which accounted for 66% of the total area of intertidal zone, and the decrease of intertidal zone area also occurred mainly in this area. The variation of the range of intertidal zone is affected by both human and natural factors. The rise of sea level and the reclamation of coastal wetlands result in the compression effect of intertidal zone, which makes the area of intertidal zone decrease rapidly. Wetland reclamation and other human factors play a leading role.
【作者单位】：中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室;河海大学地球科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41271423)
【分类号】：P715.7

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