深海机器人专用热流探针的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 14:40

  本文选题：热流 + 温度梯度　； 参考：《广东工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：海洋占据了我们地球表面积的71%,海洋中蕴藏着丰厚的资源。海洋资源特别是深海资源的勘探发展越来越迅速,天然气水合物就是20世纪科学家发现的一种新型矿产资源,俗称“可燃冰”,其成分与天然气成分相近,但更纯净。我国南海北部蕴藏着丰富的可燃冰资源,为了更有效的开发这种清洁能源,研制先进的高精度的勘探设备便成为当务之急。 天然气水合物的稳定域受海底热流、海底压力、沉积物气体成分和盐度等多种条件的影响,其中沉积物地温梯度是预测水合物稳定域的一个重要指标,因此,海底热流数据的探测具有重要的实践意义。 为了得到海底热流值,通常需要分别测量海底沉积物的热导率和温度梯度。使用热流探针测量海底沉积物的热流是一种操作简单、高效的测量方法。本专题是广州海洋地质调查局(下称广海局)“天然气水合物勘探技术研发”课题的重要组成部分,旨在研究一种深海机器人专用热流探测器,以供我国天然气水合物综合调查船“海洋六号”上配备的深海机器人ROV (Remote Operated Vehicle)进行深海沉积物温度梯度探测作业使用。研制的探测器形状如针,我们命其名为“针鱼” “针鱼”采用具有超强A/D转换功能的微处理器芯片ADuC845,利用分时采样原理处理五个高精度热敏电阻的采样数据并存储于数据存储器AT45DB161,微处理器监控时钟芯片DS1302决定采样始末,”针鱼”与上位机的通信采用485总线通信。 “针鱼”整体上由机械外壳和内部电路板组成,电路板部分包括硬件电路和系统软件,系统软件包括上位机人机交互软件和下位机程序软件。 在”针鱼”的研制过程中,进行了多次的室内模拟试验,包括恒温槽试验、对热量的反应速度测试试验；并多次跟随我国“海洋四号”、“海洋六号”、“蛟龙号”科考船进行海试,获得了宝贵的热流数据,测试精度达到0.01℃,分辨率达到0.005℃；因此,探针可实际应用于我国的海洋地热流测量事业。论文详细介绍了各个部分的工作原理、”针鱼”的操作方法以及实地获得的采样数据。
[Abstract]:The oceans occupy 71% of our earth's surface area, and the oceans are rich in resources.The exploration and development of marine resources, especially deep-sea resources, is more and more rapid. Natural gas hydrate is a new mineral resource discovered by scientists in the 20th century, commonly known as "combustible ice". Its composition is similar to that of natural gas, but it is purer.There are abundant flammable ice resources in the northern part of South China Sea. In order to develop this clean energy more effectively, it is urgent to develop advanced high-precision exploration equipment.The stability region of natural gas hydrate is affected by many conditions, such as submarine heat flow, seabed pressure, composition of sediment gas and salinity, among which the geothermal gradient of sediment is an important index to predict the stability region of hydrate.The detection of submarine heat flux data is of great practical significance.In order to obtain the submarine heat flux, the thermal conductivity and temperature gradient of seafloor sediment should be measured separately.It is a simple and efficient method to use heat flux probe to measure the heat flux of seabed sediment.This topic is an important part of Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey (hereinafter referred to as Guanghai Bureau) "Natural Gas Hydrate Exploration Technology Research and Development" project, aimed at the study of a deep-sea robot dedicated heat flow detector,In order to carry out the deep-sea sediment temperature gradient detection operation, the deep-sea robot ROV remote Operated vehicle equipped on the Haiyang No. 6 gas hydrate comprehensive survey ship in China is used.The detector is shaped like a needle, and we call it "Needle."ADuC845, a microprocessor chip with super strong A / D conversion function, is used to process the sampling data of five high precision thermistors and stored in the data memory AT45DB161. The microprocessor monitor clock chip DS1302 determines the sampling process.The communication between the needle fish and the host computer is based on 485 bus.The "Needle Fish" is composed of a mechanical shell and an internal circuit board. The circuit board includes hardware circuit and system software, and the system software includes man-machine interaction software of upper computer and program software of lower computer.During the development of "Needle Fish", many indoor simulation tests were carried out, including the constant temperature tank test, the test of the reaction rate of the heat quantity, and many times following the "Ocean four" and "Ocean six" in our country.The ship Jiaolong has obtained valuable heat flux data by sea test. The precision of the test is 0. 01 鈩，

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