广西北海涠洲岛海岸侵蚀研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 22:35

本文选题：海岸侵蚀 + 砂质海岸　；参考：《国家海洋局第一海洋研究所》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：海岸带是人类生活中密不可分的区域,海岸侵蚀在全球范围内的不断加剧已引起人们的广泛关注。我国约70%的沙质海岸正在遭受侵蚀,广西省作为我过11个沿海省份之一,其海岸侵蚀不断加剧。广西北海市涠洲岛作为有居民海岛,离岸较远,其区域活动较为封闭。而海岸侵蚀对涠洲岛的社会、环境和经济造成不可忽略的影响。本文依托海洋公益性行业科研专项“我国典型海岛地质灾害监测及预警示范研究”项目,对涠洲岛岸线进行了全面的调查研究,主要包括:现场大面的踏勘走访、遥感影像分析、剖面和岸线监测、岸滩粒度变化分析等。在获得准确的实地资料的基础上结合前人的经验和研究成果,分析了涠洲岛岸线的侵蚀的现状和特征及影响因素,并对研究区海岸侵蚀的防治提出了建议。研究表明,研究区的沙质岸线整体处于侵蚀状态,而人工岸线增长速率较快。通过对2006-2013年布设在涠洲岛的15条岸滩剖面4次重复测量和数据对比分析,得到研究区岸线长期和短期变化特征。岸滩剖面长期变化特征表明,涠洲岛东部与西南部海岸侵蚀较为严重,西南部岸段年均下蚀可达0.18m;正北部岸滩海岸侵蚀程度相对较轻,南湾段海岸整体变化较小,呈现弱侵蚀-弱淤积变化。在短期强热带风暴影响下,冬季至夏季岸滩下蚀明显。基于以上研究对研究区的海岸侵蚀原因做出讨论,认为全球海平面上升、风暴潮、人工采沙是涠洲岛海岸侵蚀的主要原因。在分析了研究区侵蚀特征之后提出了相应的发育措施,认为修建人工防护堤和人工补沙是有效防治研究区海岸侵蚀的途径。
[Abstract]:Coastal zone is an inseparable area of human life. The increasing of coastal erosion in the global scope has caused widespread concern. About 70% of the sandy coasts in China are being eroded. As one of the 11 coastal provinces in Guangxi Province, the coastal erosion is increasing. Weizhou Island, a inhabited island in Beihai City, Guangxi Province, is far offshore and its regional activities are relatively closed. However, coastal erosion can not be ignored in Weizhou Island's society, environment and economy. Relying on the special scientific research project of "Monitoring and early warning of geological hazards in typical islands in China", this paper has carried out a comprehensive investigation and study on the shoreline of Weizhou Island, mainly including: field survey and visit. Remote sensing image analysis, profile and shoreline monitoring, shoreline granularity analysis, etc. On the basis of obtaining accurate field data, combined with previous experience and research results, the present situation, characteristics and influencing factors of coastal erosion in Weizhou Island are analyzed, and suggestions for the prevention and control of coastal erosion in the study area are put forward. The results show that the sandy shoreline in the study area is in a state of erosion, while the artificial shoreline grows rapidly. Based on four repeated surveys and data analysis of 15 shoreline profiles in Weizhou Island from 2006 to 2013, the long-term and short-term variation characteristics of shoreline in the study area were obtained. The long-term variation characteristics of shoal profile show that the coastal erosion in the east and southwest of Weizhou Island is more serious, and the annual erosion in the southwestern part of Weizhou Island can reach 0.18m.The coastal erosion degree in the north of Weizhou Island is relatively light, and the overall change of the coast in the south bay section is relatively small. It shows weak erosion and weak siltation change. Under the influence of short term strong tropical storm, the beach erosion is obvious from winter to summer. Based on the above studies, the main causes of coastal erosion in Weizhou Island are considered as global sea level rise, storm surge and sand mining. After analyzing the erosion characteristics of the study area, the corresponding development measures are put forward. It is considered that the construction of artificial embankment and artificial recharge is the effective way to prevent and control coastal erosion in the study area.
【学位授予单位】：国家海洋局第一海洋研究所
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P748

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