旋转式能量回收装置水动力特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 05:05

本文选题：旋转式能量回收装置 + 旋转阻力矩　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,反渗透海水淡化技术已经成为海水淡化领域的主流方向。旋转式能量回收装置是反渗透法海水淡化系统中的关键装备,其性能的优劣很大程度上决定了海水淡化系统的制水成本和运行稳定性。旋转式能量回收装置基于正位移原理,使高压浓盐海水与新鲜海水在转子内部流道直接接触并实现压力能的交换。为了对该装置进行结构设计优化以实现大规模的工程应用,本文基于流体理论、数值模拟和现场实验三种角度研究其水动力特性问题。具体来说,即能量损失问题。根据旋转式能量回收装置工作过程中出现的能量损失的成因,本文重点分析旋转阻力矩、压力损失和流量损失三个影响因素,确定了三个因素对于能量损失的影响。具体过程包括以下两大部分:1)本文以理论分析和仿真实验两个角度,研究旋转式能量回收装置的旋转阻力矩问题。首先,以牛顿内摩擦理论和边界层理论为依据进行推导,得出了层流和湍流状态下的旋转阻力矩数学模型。其次,通过仿真实验计算分析转速、端向间隙和环向间隙对于旋转阻力矩的影响,最后,比较使用理论与仿真两种方法在各种工况下得到的旋转阻力矩,从而确定了两个旋转阻力矩数学模型的精确性和适用范围。2)研究了旋转式能量回收装置运行状态下的压力损失和流量损失问题。在不断调整装置的运行工况的基础上,进行了多次的实验。在大量实验数据的基础上,进行数学分析以期望得到可预测用的经验模型。最后,现场试验运行状况监测数据验证了该预测模型的适用性,仿真实验计算结果该预测模型的精确性。
[Abstract]:At present, reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has become the mainstream of seawater desalination field. Rotary energy recovery device is the key equipment in reverse osmosis seawater desalination system, and its performance largely determines the water production cost and operation stability of seawater desalination system. Based on the principle of positive displacement, the rotary energy recovery device directly contacts the high-pressure concentrated seawater with fresh seawater in the rotor runner and realizes the exchange of pressure energy. In order to optimize the structure design of the device for large-scale engineering application, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the device are studied based on fluid theory, numerical simulation and field experiments. Specifically, the problem of energy loss. According to the causes of the energy loss in the working process of the rotary energy recovery device, this paper mainly analyzes the three factors which affect the rotary resistance moment, the pressure loss and the flow loss, and determines the influence of the three factors on the energy loss. The specific process includes the following two parts: 1) in this paper, the rotating resistance moment of the rotary energy recovery device is studied from the two angles of theoretical analysis and simulation experiment. Firstly, based on Newton's internal friction theory and boundary layer theory, a mathematical model of rotational resistance moment in laminar flow and turbulent state is derived. Secondly, the effects of rotating speed, end clearance and annular clearance on the rotational resistance moment are analyzed by simulation experiments. Finally, the rotational resistance moment obtained by using the theory and simulation methods under various working conditions is compared. The accuracy and application range of two mathematical models of rotating resistance moment are determined. The pressure loss and flow loss of rotary energy recovery device are studied. On the basis of continuously adjusting the operating conditions of the device, many experiments have been carried out. Based on a large number of experimental data, mathematical analysis is carried out in order to obtain a predictable empirical model. Finally, the applicability of the prediction model is verified by the monitoring data of the running condition of the field test. The simulation results show that the prediction model is accurate.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P747

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