近40年来珠江河口区海岸线时空变化特征及驱动力分析

发布时间：2018-05-01 07:39

  本文选题：海岸线 + 动态演变　； 参考：《地球信息科学学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：海岸线对海平面上升、海岸侵蚀、港湾淤积、湿地生态资源、近海海域环境等具有重要的指示作用。利用遥感和GIS技术获取了珠江河口区1973-2015年8期海岸线数据,分析了海岸线长度、类型、空间位置的时空演化特征,提出岸线利用程度指数并定量分析人类活动对岸线的影响,最后对海岸线变化驱动力进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)珠江河口区海岸线长度总体持续增加,岸线变化强度具有阶段性,1990年以前变化缓慢,1990-2000年为变化高峰期,2000年后变化强度减弱;(2)1973-1990年珠江河口区以自然岸线为主,之后人工岸线成为主导岸线类型,建设围堤岸线1973年占总长度的7.09%,2015年所占比例增加到46.49%,在所有岸线类型中变化最大、比例最高;(3)研究期内,珠江河口区海岸线以向海域推进为主,年均速率达到39.10 m/a,鸡啼门-虎跳门段、磨刀门-鸡啼门段和蕉门-洪奇门段为向海延伸的热点区域;(4)40年来岸线利用程度指数稳定上升,1995年前增速较快,之后相对平缓。伶仃洋东岸岸线利用程度增幅最大;(5)口门整治、开发建设和围海养殖等人为活动是珠江口海岸线发生变化的主要原因,自然环境条件、人口和经济的增长以及政策因素是岸线演变的重要驱动力。
[Abstract]:Coastline plays an important role in indicating sea level rise, coastal erosion, estuary siltation, wetland ecological resources and offshore sea environment. Using remote sensing and GIS techniques, the coastline data of the Pearl River Estuary from 1973 to 2015 were obtained. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the length, type and spatial location of the coastline were analyzed. The index of shoreline utilization was put forward and the influence of human activities on the shoreline was analyzed quantitatively. Finally, the driving force of coastline change is discussed. The results show that the length of shoreline in the Pearl River estuary has been increasing continuously, and the change intensity of shoreline is in stages. The change was slow before 1990 and was the peak period from 1990 to 2000. After 2000, the change intensity was weakened and the natural shoreline was dominant in the Pearl River Estuary from 1973 to 1990. After that, artificial shoreline became the dominant shoreline type. The construction of embankment shoreline accounted for 7.09% of the total length in 1973, and the proportion increased to 46.49 in 2015, with the largest change of all shoreline types and the highest proportion during the research period. The main shoreline of the Pearl River estuary is advancing toward the sea area, with an average annual rate of 39.10 m / a, and the section between Chicken Gate and Tiger jumping Gate. In the past 40 years, the utilization index of shoreline increased steadily, before 1995, the growth rate was faster, and then relatively flat. The biggest increase in the utilization of the east coast of Lingdingyang is the regulation of the estuary, the development and construction of artificial activities, and the artificial activities such as reclaiming the sea, are the main reasons for the changes in the Pearl River Estuary coastline, and the natural environment conditions, Population and economic growth and policy factors are important drivers of shoreline evolution.
【作者单位】： 中山大学地理科学与规划学院广东省水环境遥感监测工程技术研究中心广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室;广州地理研究所广东省遥感与地理信息系统应用重点实验室;
【基金】：广东省水利科技创新项目(2014-13,2016-08) 广东省科技计划项目(2016A020222006、2016A020210059、2017B020216001) 广东省自然科学基金项目(S2013010013320)
【分类号】：P737.1
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本文编号：1828390