营口白沙湾氮、磷环境容量及污染负荷量控制的研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 03:25

本文选题：环境容量 + 氮磷　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：摘要营口白沙湾近岸人口数量激增,工业化港口和化工园区开发兴起,邻近海湾水域所承受的环境压力越来越大,海洋环境质量状况下降,生态系统失衡,人类活动和经济发展的不利影响日益突凸显。为了优化产业结构,加强海洋环境污染治理,开展近岸环境容量研究对实现入海污染物排放总量控制是极为重要的。白沙湾近岸海域在海洋资源开发的过程中扮演着重要的角色。该海域分为4种海洋功能区,生物保护区、港口运输区、滨海浴场和海洋农渔业等都是重要的海洋经济来源。它是典型的多功能分区重点开发海湾。针对他的环境特征和环境质量现状,我们可以通过环境质量评价和环境容量来研究。众所知,海洋环境容量是指在不造成其不可承受的影响下,环境所能容纳的某种污染物的能力。笔者着重阐述氮、磷污染源在不同类型海洋功能区划的环境容量阈值前提下,对陆源排放的总量控制及环境容量分配刻不容缓。为此,本文依据所允许排放的污染物的数量,确定氮、磷环境容量,为制订区域特征污染物减排计划、给出总量控制的对策和建议、改善区域海洋环境做了深入研究。本论文探讨目标海域为营口白沙湾,以水质和水文的调查数据为基础,对氮、磷水动力输运扩散和环境容量计算进行研究。主要的研究内容如下： (1)针对海区氮磷要素具有海水能量作用和不确定性,选用了模糊模型评价法对白沙湾海域的水质进行评价。在现状调查站位中仅有个别站位为清洁,呈现大部分站位氮盐超过渔业养殖和休闲娱乐用水标准的状况。 (2)采用水质污染物扩散方程和海水交换率法,对海湾的氮、磷环境容量分别计算,结果表明海域环境容量结果相吻合。该海域无机氮和无机磷在二类水质标准下氮已经超出环境容量,而磷仍有环境容量。 (3)考虑到海水营养盐超标,则依据氮、磷海湾排放特征提出减排措施,最终在进行综合条件筛选,选出减排的最优方案。综上述,该论文选题开展营口白沙湾海域氮、磷环境容量的研究,提出具有可操作性污染源的总量控制方案,为加强此海湾近岸污染源整治及科学管理提供技术依据。
[Abstract]:abstract
The number of near shore population in Baisan Bay of Yingkou is increasing, the development of industrial ports and chemical industrial parks is rising, the environmental pressure of adjacent Bay waters is increasing, the quality of the marine environment is declining, the ecological system is unbalanced and the adverse effects of human activities and economic development are becoming increasingly prominent. In order to optimize the industrial structure and strengthen the treatment of marine environmental pollution. The study of offshore environmental capacity is very important to achieve total discharge control of pollutants entering the sea.
The coastal waters of Baisha Bay have played an important role in the development of marine resources. The sea area is divided into 4 kinds of marine functional areas. The biological protection area, port transportation area, coastal bathing field and marine agriculture fishery are all important marine economic sources. It is a typical multi-functional zone to develop the Bay. The quantity status quo can be studied through environmental quality assessment and environmental capacity.
As we all know, the marine environmental capacity refers to the ability of the environment to hold some kind of pollutant without the effect of its non bearable influence. The author emphasizes that the total control system and the environmental capacity distribution of the source emission are not slow under the condition of the environmental capacity threshold of the different types of marine functional zoning. According to the number of pollutants allowed to be discharged, the environmental capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus is determined, the plan for reducing the emission of regional characteristic pollutants is made, the countermeasures and suggestions for the total amount control are given, and the regional marine environment is further studied.
The target sea area is the Baisha Bay in Yingkou. Based on the survey data of water quality and hydrology, this paper studies the transport and diffusion of nitrogen and phosphorus hydrodynamics and the calculation of environmental capacity. The main contents are as follows:
(1) in view of the effect and uncertainty of the nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sea area, the water quality of the sea area in the bay of Bai Sha Wan is evaluated by the fuzzy model evaluation method. In the status survey station, only a few stations are cleaned, and most of the stations have more nitrogen than the fishery culture and recreational recreational water standards.
(2) the nitrogen and phosphorus environmental capacity of the bay is calculated by the diffusion equation of water quality pollutants and the method of seawater exchange rate. The results show that the environmental capacity of the sea area is consistent. The nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus in the sea area have exceeded the environmental capacity under the two kinds of water quality standards, and the phosphorus still has environmental capacity.
(3) taking into account the over standard of seawater nutrients, the emission reduction measures are put forward according to the characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus discharge in the Gulf. Finally, the comprehensive conditions are screened and the best scheme of emission reduction is selected.
In conclusion, the paper studies the nitrogen and phosphorus environmental capacity of the Baisha Bay, Yingkou, and proposes a total amount control scheme with an operable source of pollution to provide a technical basis for strengthening the regulation and scientific management of the near shore pollution sources in this bay.

【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55

【参考文献】