遥感卫星指向误差定义度量与分配预算方法

发布时间：2018-01-12 17:26

本文关键词：遥感卫星指向误差定义度量与分配预算方法　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着遥感技术的飞速发展与需求种类的不断丰富,遥感任务对于分辨率的要求越来越高。卫星作为有效载荷的平台,在发射与在轨工作的过程中,会受到各种因素的影响,从而产生指向误差。指向误差的存在,是制约高分辨率成像的关键因素,因此本文以高分辨率遥感成像为背景,对指向误差的定义、度量指标以及指向误差综合与分配预算构建方法展开了研究与分析,本论文的主要研究内容如下:指向误差由指向精度误差与指向稳定度误差组成,指向稳定度误差由条带误差与颤振残差组成。低频指向误差主要造成指向精度误差,高频指向误差主要造成指向稳定度误差。提出了指向误差的时域与频域度量形式,同时给出了指向误差的不同的统计解释方法与度量指标。在此基础之上,建立了指向误差的状态空间模型。在计算过程中,状态空间模型可以避免复杂的数值积分,利用解析的表达形式对指向误差进行计算。以点扩散函数为基准,分析了指向误差对成像质量的影响,指出了指向误差的存在,可以使点扩散函数变宽,从而造成成像质量的下降。对能够造成指向误差的误差源进行了描述与建模。在卫星发射至在轨开展工作的过程中,对卫星平台及有效载荷能够产生干扰的误差源大致可以分为四类:安装误差、敏感器误差、执行机构误差与空间环境干扰。利用概率密度函数对指向误差源进行了数学描述,得出了指向误差源的统计性质;分析了指向误差的传递过程,建立遥感卫星系统中所需的传递模型;提出了不同类型的指向误差的合成方法,分析了存在相关性的指向误差源与不存在相关性的指向误差源的综合方法。对指向误差的分配预算构建进行了研究与分析。分析了指向误差分配预算的构建步骤与流程;依据指向误差的变化性质,对指向误差进行了划分,将指向误差分为偏差、均匀分布误差、高斯误差、正弦误差以及漂移误差,对不同误差的度量指标、统计解释方法进行了分析;通过具体实例分析,说明了指向误差分配预算的构建过程,从而得出指向误差分配预算在遥感卫星初步设计过程中具有较为重要的意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of remote sensing technology and the increasing variety of requirements, the remote sensing mission requires more and more high resolution. As a payload platform, satellite is in the process of launching and working in orbit. The existence of pointing error is the key factor restricting high resolution imaging. Therefore, the definition of pointing error is based on the background of high resolution remote sensing imaging. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the pointing error is composed of the pointing precision error and the directional stability error. The directional stability error is composed of strip error and flutter residual error, and the low frequency pointing error mainly causes the pointing accuracy error. The high frequency pointing error mainly causes the direction stability error. The time domain and frequency domain measurement forms of the direction error are proposed. At the same time, different statistical interpretation methods and measurement indexes of the direction error are given. The state space model of the pointing error is established. In the process of calculation, the state space model can avoid the complex numerical integration and calculate the pointing error by using the analytic expression. The point diffusion function is taken as the benchmark. The influence of the pointing error on the imaging quality is analyzed, and the existence of the pointing error can widen the point diffusion function. The error source which can cause pointing error is described and modeled. During the process of satellite launch to orbit, the error source is described and modeled. The error sources that can interfere with the satellite platform and payload can be divided into four categories: installation error and sensor error. Using probability density function to describe the pointing error source, the statistical properties of the pointing error source are obtained. The transmission process of pointing error is analyzed, and the needed transfer model in remote sensing satellite system is established. In this paper, a method of combining different types of pointing errors is proposed. This paper analyzes the synthetic method of the direction error source with correlation and the direction error source without correlation, studies and analyses the construction of the allocation budget of the direction error, and analyzes the construction steps of the direction error allocation budget. And process; According to the change of pointing error, the pointing error is divided into three parts: deviation, uniform distribution error, Gaussian error, sinusoidal error and drift error. The statistical interpretation method is analyzed. Through the analysis of concrete examples, the construction process of pointing error allocation budget is explained, and it is concluded that the pointing error allocation budget has more important significance in the preliminary design process of remote sensing satellite.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V474.2

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