新型开式砂带磨削技术及其在航发叶片加工中的应用

发布时间：2018-02-08 11:41

本文关键词： 航发叶片叶根和阻尼台转接R 砂带磨削磨抛工具系统磨削工艺　出处：《重庆大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：叶片作为航空发动机的关键零件之一,对航空发动机的性能有着至关重要的影响。叶根和阻尼台转接R处叶片厚度突变,应力集中现象十分严重,故在叶片高负荷运转过程中,易在应力集中处产生断裂,导致叶片报废,严重影响航空发动机的安全性和寿命。当前普遍采用手工打磨的方式对叶根和阻尼台转接R进行加工,但其磨效率低,次品率高,且容易在转接R处形成刮痕,加剧应力集中。现有的数控砂带磨削技术在叶片型面的加工中已经得到了很好的应用,但由于叶根和阻尼台转接R曲率半径小,使得现有的砂带磨削技术和装置难以对叶根和阻尼台转接R进行有效加工。为了能够实现叶根和阻尼台转接R的自动化加工,本课题针对其加工特点,提出一种新型开式砂带磨削技术,设计一套抛磨工具系统,并进行磨削工艺研究,为实现叶根和阻尼台转接R的磨削加工提供指导。基于新型开式砂带磨削技术的理论分析,研究新型开式砂带磨削系统的动态特性,并建立基于阿基米德螺旋线原理的卷绕系统数学模型。基于上述理论分析,针对航空发动机叶片叶根和阻尼台转接R的加工技术要求,进行磨抛机构、驱动机构、张紧机构、压力控制机构等关键部件的分析设计,设计一套新型的开式砂带磨抛工具系统;针对上述研制的磨抛工具系统,对其静力学特性和振动特性进行有限元分析,验证其强度、静刚度和动态特性;在上述研究的基础上,通过正交试验,探究钛合金材料新型开式砂带磨削参数对表面粗糙度和磨削深度的影响规律,并采用灰色关联分析法对磨削参数进行优化分析。利用优化后的磨削参数对叶根和阻尼台转接R进行工艺试验,验证所设计的抛磨工具系统加工叶根和阻尼台转接R的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:As one of the key parts of the aero-engine, the blade has a vital influence on the performance of the aero-engine. The blade thickness changes at the blade root and damping table connecting R, and the stress concentration is very serious, so in the process of the blade running at high load, It is easy to break at the stress concentration, leading to blade scrapping, which seriously affects the safety and life of aero-engine. At present, manual grinding is widely used to process the blade root and the transfer R of damping table, but its grinding efficiency is low, and the rate of defective products is high. The existing NC abrasive belt grinding technology has been applied well in the machining of the blade profile, but because of the small radius of curvature of the blade root and damping table connecting R, it is easy to form scratches at the transfer R and increase the stress concentration. It is difficult for the existing abrasive belt grinding technology and equipment to process the blade root and damping table transfer R effectively. In order to realize the automatic machining of blade root and damping table transfer R, this subject aims at its processing characteristics. A new open belt grinding technology is proposed, a set of grinding tool system is designed, and grinding technology is studied, which provides guidance for the grinding process of blade root and damping table connecting R. Based on the theoretical analysis of new open belt grinding technology, The dynamic characteristics of the new open belt grinding system are studied, and the mathematical model of the winding system based on the Archimedes helix principle is established. Based on the above theoretical analysis, the processing technology requirements of the blade root of the aeroengine blade and the transfer R of the damping table are discussed. To analyze and design the key parts such as grinding mechanism, driving mechanism, tensioning mechanism, pressure control mechanism and so on, to design a set of new open abrasive belt grinding tool system, aiming at the grinding tool system developed above, Finite element analysis of its static and vibration characteristics is carried out to verify its strength, static stiffness and dynamic characteristics. The effect of grinding parameters on surface roughness and grinding depth of a new type of open abrasive belt for titanium alloy materials was investigated. The grinding parameters are optimized by grey correlation analysis. The technological tests of blade root and damping table transfer R are carried out by using the optimized grinding parameters. The feasibility and effectiveness of the designed polishing tool system for machining blade root and damping table transfer R are verified.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V263

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