航空叶片激光扫描测量规划与适应性修形技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 06:24

本文关键词： 宽弦空心叶片适应性加工路径规划配准模型再设计　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宽弦空心叶片是大推重比航空发动机的关键零部件之一,其加工质量对航空发动机的性能有重要的影响。目前,宽弦空心叶片的一种典型复合制造流程是先采用超塑性成形/扩散连接获得与叶片最终尺寸形状十分接近的叶片毛坯,然后采用适应性数控切削对前缘、后缘等部位进行加工以保证其精度。因此,适应性加工技术是宽弦空心叶片加工过程中的一项关键技术。本文以航空宽弦空心叶片制造为应用背景,对叶片适应性加工中激光扫描测量路径规划、毛坯测量数据定位以及前后缘型面再设计等关键技术进行研究,并开发叶片激光扫描测量规划和适应性修形软件系统。本文研究的主要内容和创新点概况如下:1.研究了激光扫描测量路径规划技术。提出一种基于K-Means的测头位姿规划算法,通过该算法计算出完成叶片毛坯型面测量所需最少的激光测头位姿以及每个位姿下的测量点集;研究了基于激光扫描测量特性和测量点排序的测量路径计算方法。2.研究了叶片毛坯测量点云和CAD模型数据配准技术。给出了以叶盆叶背为基准的叶片毛坯测量点云配准方法。3.研究了叶片前后缘再设计方法。提出一种基于叶片截面线关键点调整的前后缘再设计方法,该方法在对前后缘轮廓线的设计公差和毛坯加工余量分析基础上得到轮廓的可调整区域,利用余量约束下的模型配准得到实际调整的旋转分量,并优化平移调整量,生成再设计后的前后缘轮廓线。4.在对理论和算法研究的基础上,使用UG提供的UG/OPEN工具包自主开发了叶片测量规划和适应性修形软件系统,并以某宽弦叶片为实例检验了系统各个功能。
[Abstract]:The wide chord hollow blade is one of the key parts of the large thrust weight ratio aero-engine, and its machining quality has an important effect on the performance of the aeroengine. A typical composite manufacturing process for wide chord hollow blades is to use superplastic forming / diffusion bonding to obtain blade blanks that are very close to the final size and shape of the blade, and then apply adaptive NC cutting to the leading edge. Therefore, adaptive machining technology is a key technology in the machining process of wide chord hollow blade. This paper takes the manufacture of aviation wide chord hollow blade as the application background. The key technologies such as path planning of laser scanning measurement, positioning of blank measurement data and redesigning of front and rear edge surface in blade adaptive machining are studied. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. The path planning technology of laser scanning measurement is studied, and an algorithm of head position and pose planning based on K-Means is proposed. By using this algorithm, the position and pose of the laser probe and the set of measuring points under each position are calculated, which are the least needed to complete the measurement of the blank surface of the blade. The calculation method of measuring path based on laser scanning measurement characteristic and measuring point ranking is studied. 2. The registration technology of cloud and CAD model data for blade blank measurement is studied. The measuring point of blade blank based on the back of leaf basin is given. Cloud registration method .3.The method of blade front and rear edge redesign is studied. A new method of front and rear edge redesign based on the key point adjustment of blade cross section line is proposed. Based on the analysis of the design tolerances of the front and rear contour lines and the margin of the blank machining, the adjustable region of the contour is obtained, and the actual adjusted rotation component is obtained by the model registration under the residual constraints, and the translation adjustment quantity is optimized. On the basis of the research on theory and algorithm, the software system of blade measurement planning and adaptive shape modification is developed by using the UG/OPEN toolkit provided by UG. Taking a wide chord blade as an example, all functions of the system are tested.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V232.4

【参考文献】