高超声速飞行器面向控制的气动建模补偿方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 11:57

本文选题：高超声速飞行器　切入点：气动建模　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高超声速飞行器的一体化设计为了便于控制分析和优化设计,需要建立面向控制的气动模型。高超声速飞行器的气动特性剧烈变化,高度耦合的设计使其有很强的不确定性。为此,根据具体飞行状态的气动数据和非线性时变特性的模型结构补偿修正模型,对建立准确、完备、实用的气动模型是非常必要的。因此,本文针对高超声速飞行器的特性和面向控制设计的要求,结合一体化设计的现实条件,研究了精确简洁的气动建模方法。并通过模型补偿修正的方法,提高气动模型的保真度和适应性,力求使得模型可以很好地描述高超声速气动特性的同时保持计算效率。本文以吸气式高超声速飞行器作为研究对象,考虑模型补偿修正的要求,首先研究了多元正交函数的建模方法,自动地建立精确简洁的气动模型。然后利用这种建模形式易于更新修正的特点,在建立的气动模型基础上,针对更新数据修正模型,融合不同来源的气动数据得到更好的建模结果。同时引入频域的建模和模型修正方法,针对非线性和非定常的气动特性补偿修正先前的气动模型。通过模型的补偿修正方法,可以充分利用所有存在的气动数据,不经过人为的分析自动地得到高超声速飞行器面向控制的精确解析气动模型。本文以理论研究为基础,通过高超声速飞行器的气动建模和模型补偿修正仿真实验,对理论的方法进行验证和评估分析。实验结果证明气动模型的补偿修正方法的有效性,由此建立的高超声速飞行器气动模型具有确定的模型结构、精确的参数估计及不确定度。模型的解析形式和良好的预测能力符合面向控制的建模要求。
[Abstract]:In order to facilitate the control analysis and optimization design of hypersonic vehicle, it is necessary to establish a control-oriented aerodynamic model. The aerodynamic characteristics of hypersonic vehicle vary dramatically. The highly coupled design makes it highly uncertain. Therefore, according to the aerodynamic data of specific flight state and the model structure compensation correction model with nonlinear time-varying characteristics, the model is accurate and complete. The practical aerodynamic model is very necessary. Therefore, according to the characteristics of hypersonic vehicle and the requirements of control oriented design, this paper combines the practical conditions of integrated design. The accurate and concise pneumatic modeling method is studied, and the fidelity and adaptability of the pneumatic model are improved by the method of model compensation and correction. In order to make the model describe the hypersonic aerodynamic characteristics well and maintain the computational efficiency, this paper takes the inspiratory hypersonic vehicle as the research object and considers the requirement of model compensation and correction. Firstly, the modeling method of multivariate orthogonal function is studied, and the accurate and concise aerodynamic model is built automatically. Then, based on the established aerodynamic model and the updating data correction model, this paper makes use of the characteristic that the modeling form is easy to update and revise. Better modeling results are obtained by combining aerodynamic data from different sources. At the same time, the frequency domain modeling and model modification methods are introduced to modify the previous aerodynamic models for nonlinear and unsteady aerodynamic characteristics compensation. The accurate analytical aerodynamic model for hypersonic vehicle oriented control can be obtained automatically without artificial analysis by fully utilizing all the existing aerodynamic data. Through the aerodynamic modeling and model compensation simulation experiment of hypersonic vehicle, the theoretical method is verified and evaluated. The experimental results show that the compensation and correction method of the aerodynamic model is effective. The established aerodynamic model of hypersonic vehicle has definite model structure, accurate parameter estimation and uncertainty. The analytical form and good prediction ability of the model meet the requirements of control-oriented modeling.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V249.1

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