基于时间-数字转换的精密时间基准测量系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-04 20:02

本文选题：时间-数字转换　切入点：直接脉冲计数法　出处：《中北大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：在日常的科研和工程实践中,许多物理量的测量都需要以时间作为尺度进行量化。特别在航空航天测控领域,时间基准和时间同步的精度直接影响测控系统对于飞行控制和测量数据的准确性。针对目前精密时间基准测试仪器测量分辨率低、测量范围小、精度不高、设计复杂等不足,结合最新的时间-数字转换技术,在简化设计的基础上实现基准偏差的连续、大量程和精确测量。首先,本文在介绍和分析目前几种常用时间-数字转换技术优缺点的基础上,根据系统具体的功能和性能指标要求,设计采用了直接脉冲计数法与抽头延迟线法相结合的方法实现基准偏差的精确测量,并在此基础上设计了系统的总体方案。同时通过对系统测量结果进行误差分析,选择合适的数据处理方法降低干扰对结果数据的影响。其次,根据系统的总体方案设计进行软硬件设计。系统采用FPGA芯片为系统逻辑时序控制核心,采用VHDL硬件编程语言实现基准脉冲信号参数配置和信息提取,并通过时序逻辑控制两片TDC-GP2时间测量芯片和高速脉冲计数器实现基准偏差的连续精确测量;采用基于WINCE 6.0系统的ARM平台为参数设置和数据处理终端,采用C#程序语言编写数据收发程序、数据处理程序和图形化显示程序,实现系统基准脉冲信息和本地基准偏差测量结果的显示和储存。最后,通过设计模拟的应用环境进行功能和性能测试。实验结果表明,系统可以实现时间基准偏差的连续测量以及数据处理方法的有效性,验证了系统可以实现测量范围1ns~1.2s,最高分辨率100ps,测量精度可以达到设定值的0.0015%±0.3ns,同时在保证系统功能和性能的前提下实现了系统的简化设计。
[Abstract]:In the daily scientific research and engineering practice, many physical quantities need to be quantified by time.Especially in the field of aerospace TT & C, the accuracy of time reference and time synchronization directly affects the accuracy of flight control and measurement data.Aiming at the shortcomings of low resolution, small measuring range, low precision, complex design and so on, the precision of the precision time reference instrument is low, combining with the latest time-digital conversion technology, the continuous deviation of the datum is realized on the basis of simplifying the design.Large distances and accurate measurements.First of all, based on the introduction and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of several commonly used time-digital conversion technologies, according to the specific functions and performance requirements of the system,The direct pulse counting method and tap delay line method are used to realize the accurate measurement of the datum deviation, and the overall scheme of the system is designed.At the same time, through the error analysis of the system measurement result, the suitable data processing method is selected to reduce the influence of interference on the result data.Secondly, the software and hardware are designed according to the overall scheme of the system.The system adopts FPGA chip as the core of system logic timing control, and adopts VHDL hardware programming language to realize the parameter configuration and information extraction of the benchmark pulse signal.Two TDC-GP2 time measurement chips and high speed pulse counter are used to realize the continuous accurate measurement of the datum deviation, and the ARM platform based on WINCE 6.0 is used as the parameter setting and data processing terminal.The C # program language is used to write the data transceiver program, the data processing program and the graphical display program to realize the display and storage of the system benchmark pulse information and the local datum deviation measurement results.Finally, the function and performance are tested by designing the simulated application environment.The experimental results show that the system can realize the continuous measurement of the time reference deviation and the validity of the data processing method.It is verified that the system can achieve the measuring range of 1ns1.2s and the highest resolution of 100ps.The measurement precision can reach 0.0015% 卤0.3nsof the set value. At the same time, the simplified design of the system is realized on the premise of ensuring the system function and performance.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V556

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