航空弧齿锥齿轮结构改进和喷油润滑的数值分析研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 03:19

本文选题：弧齿锥齿轮 + 承载能力　；参考：《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代工业的不断发展,弧齿锥齿轮所需要传递的功率越来越大、承载能力越来越高、转速越来越快、体积和重量越来越小,这些都促使了对弧齿锥齿轮的啮合设计、加工制造、工作环境等综合特性带来更大的挑战。目前,航空弧齿锥齿轮的设计与应用技术已经成为制约我国航空航天装备向高速重载、大功率、轻量化和高寿命等方向发展的重要因素。本文是针对某航空发动机高速弧齿锥齿轮的承载能力不足、润滑效果不理想的问题,采用有限元法和有限体积法从结构和润滑两方面展开了详细的数值分析研究。首先,针对某航空发动机高速弧齿锥齿轮传动性能达不到现阶段使用要求的现状,通过对弧齿锥齿轮的啮合设计理论、加载接触分析及其本身结构进行分析,提出了增大原有弧齿锥齿轮副模数和齿宽的改进方案。接着,采用传统的强度计算公式进行校核,表明改进后弧齿锥齿轮的接触强度、弯曲强度和胶合承载能力均得到了提高。然后,基于有限元技术建立改进后弧齿锥齿轮的有限元模型,对啮合区的接触应力和弯曲应力进行了详细分析。结果表明本次设计解决了原有齿轮强度裕度不足的问题,使锥齿轮接触疲劳强度提高了约27.3%,轮齿弯曲强度提高了约40.2%,齿面胶合承载能力提高了约28.7%。其次,分析了喷油润滑特性对高速弧齿锥齿轮承载能力的影响,由于弧齿锥齿轮的空间啮合理论比较复杂,直接对其进行润滑数值分析非常困难,本文引入了当量直齿圆柱齿轮。结合摩擦学、传热学、流体动力学等理论知识,并借助计算流体动力学软件对其喷油润滑系统进行深入研究,主要分析了其温度场、压力场和速度场的分布及变化趋势。然后详细分析了喷油润滑的几个主要因素(包括润滑油粘度、齿轮转速和喷油速度)对其承载能力的影响。得到了齿轮润滑系统的温度、压强、速度分析方法,结果表明粘度和喷油速度对温度场的影响较大,转速和喷油速度对压力场的影响较大,三种因素对速度场的影响均较为显著。随后分析了三种因素的两两耦合作用对润滑的影响,得到了更为系统的喷油润滑影响因素研究结论。本文改进后的弧齿锥齿轮不仅能满足现阶段的使用要求,而且采用的有限元法和有限体积法将对弧齿锥齿轮承载能力的数值模拟研究提供技术支持和帮助。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of modern industry, the arc bevel gears need to transfer more and more power, the bearing capacity is higher and higher, the speed is faster and faster, the volume and the weight are smaller and smaller, all these promote the meshing design of the arc bevel gears.Processing and manufacturing, working environment and other comprehensive characteristics bring greater challenges.At present, the design and application technology of aero-arc bevel gear has become an important factor restricting the development of aerospace equipment in our country towards the direction of high-speed heavy load, high power, lightweight and long life.In this paper, the finite element method and finite volume method are used to analyze and study the structure and lubrication of the high-speed arc bevel gear of an aero-engine due to its insufficient bearing capacity and unsatisfactory lubricating effect.First of all, in view of the fact that the transmission performance of a high-speed arc bevel gear of an aero-engine can not meet the requirements of the present stage, through the meshing design theory of the arc bevel gear, the load contact analysis and its own structure are analyzed.An improved scheme to increase the module number and tooth width of the original arc bevel gear pair is put forward.Then, the traditional strength calculation formula is used to check, which shows that the contact strength, bending strength and adhesion bearing capacity of the improved spiral bevel gear have been improved.Then, based on the finite element technique, the finite element model of the improved rear arc bevel gear is established, and the contact stress and bending stress in the meshing region are analyzed in detail.The results show that this design solves the problem of insufficient strength margin of the original gear, increases the contact fatigue strength of bevel gear by 27.3s, increases the bending strength of gear teeth by about 40.2 percent, and increases the bearing capacity of tooth surface adhesion by about 28.7.Secondly, the influence of oil injection lubrication characteristics on the bearing capacity of high speed spiral bevel gear is analyzed. Due to the complexity of space meshing theory of arc bevel gear, it is very difficult to directly analyze its lubrication numerical value.In this paper, an equivalent spur gear is introduced.Based on the theoretical knowledge of tribology, heat transfer and fluid dynamics, and with the help of computational fluid dynamics software, the distribution and variation trend of temperature field, pressure field and velocity field are analyzed.Then, the influence of several main factors (including the viscosity of lubricating oil, gear speed and fuel injection speed) on its bearing capacity is analyzed in detail.The analysis method of the temperature, pressure and velocity of the gear lubrication system is obtained. The results show that the viscosity and the injection velocity have a great influence on the temperature field, and the rotational speed and the fuel injection speed have a great influence on the pressure field.The effect of three factors on the velocity field is significant.Then, the effect of coupling of three factors on lubrication is analyzed, and a more systematic conclusion of the influence factors of fuel injection lubrication is obtained.The improved spiral bevel gear can not only meet the requirements of the present stage, but also the finite element method and the finite volume method will provide technical support and help for the numerical simulation of the bearing capacity of the spiral bevel gear.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V232

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