基于压电激励器的翼型流动分离控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 15:30

本文选题：流动控制 + 流动分离　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：流动分离是流体力学中一种复杂而普遍的流动现象。在航空、航天等领域中,流动分离现象会导致飞行器在飞行过程中升力降低、阻力增加,甚至会引发失速现象,对飞行器的安全性能、操作性能等都有影响。在众多流动分离控制技术中,压电激励器由于结构简单、安装方便、耗能少等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。本文针对翼型流动分离控制问题,研究了基于压电激励器的翼型流动分离控制技术。(1)从流动控制技术的应用现状入手,研究目前应用较多的翼型流动分离控制方法,提出基于压电激励器的翼型流动分离控制方法,对其关键作动器件—压电激励器进行设计。简要地介绍了压电效应及压电陶瓷材料的性能参数,以压电方程等基本理论为基础,建立了压电激励器的准静态响应位移及固有频率的理论计算公式,并优化了其结构尺寸,同时,对所设计的压电激励器进行了仿真分析。(2)对压电激励器进行相关地面实验的研究。压电激励器的静态性能与理论计算及数值仿真的结果接近,验证了理论计算模型的准确性；对压电激励器进行幅频特性实验,4个压电激励器的谐响应性能基本维持一致,可用于风洞试验,而电压位移特性实验为风洞试验提供了有力的数据支持；同时,分析了实测值与理论计算值的存在误差的原因。(3)开展基于压电激励器的典型翼型流动分离控制的风洞试验。采用PIV先进流场测试技术进行了大量的流场测试试验,试验结果表明：在来流风速15m/s,迎角18。-24。范围内,压电激励器工作时可以有效地抑制翼型模型的分离流动,可将气流分离推迟7。；压电激励器不同的工作频率对翼型流动分离现象的控制效果有一定的影响,且其振幅大小也会对其控制效果产生干扰。通过风洞试验,验证了压电激励器在流动分离控制技术中应用的可行性。
[Abstract]:Flow separation is a complex and universal flow phenomenon in fluid mechanics.In the fields of aeronautics and spaceflight, the phenomenon of flow separation will lead to the decrease of lift, increase of resistance and even the phenomenon of stall during flight, which will affect the safety performance and operation performance of aircraft.Among many flow separation control technologies, piezoelectric actuators have a broad application prospect because of their simple structure, convenient installation and less energy consumption.In this paper, the flow separation control technology based on piezoelectric exciter is studied in this paper. Based on the application of flow control technology, the flow separation control method of airfoil is studied.A separation control method for airfoil flow based on piezoelectric actuator is proposed. The key actuator, piezoelectric actuator, is designed.The piezoelectric effect and the performance parameters of piezoelectric ceramic material are introduced briefly. Based on the basic theory of piezoelectric equation, the theoretical calculation formulas of quasi static response displacement and natural frequency of piezoelectric exciter are established, and its structure size is optimized.At the same time, the designed piezoelectric actuator is simulated and analyzed.The static performance of piezoelectric exciter is close to that of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, which verifies the accuracy of the theoretical calculation model, and the experimental results of amplitude and frequency characteristics of piezoelectric exciter show that the harmonic response performance of four piezoelectric exciters is basically the same.It can be used in wind tunnel test, and voltage displacement characteristic experiment provides powerful data support for wind tunnel test.The reason of the error between the measured value and the theoretical calculation value is analyzed. The wind tunnel experiment based on piezoelectric exciter is carried out for the separation control of typical airfoil flow.A large number of flow field tests were carried out using PIV advanced flow field test technology. The experimental results show that at the wind speed of 15 m / s, the angle of attack is 18.-24.In the range, the separation flow of airfoil model can be suppressed effectively by piezoelectric exciter, and the separation of airfoil can be delayed by 7.The different working frequency of piezoelectric exciter has certain influence on the control effect of airfoil flow separation phenomenon.And its amplitude will also interfere with its control effect.The feasibility of applying piezoelectric exciter in flow separation control is verified by wind tunnel test.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V224;V211.74

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