北斗对于国内机场导航覆盖性的研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 00:21

本文选题：GNSS + 覆盖性　；参考：《中国民航大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：基于性能的导航(PBN)为未来民航导航的发展方向,此技术能够提高运行效率,优化空域使用。全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)是其中重要的组成部分,其性能指标需要满足PBN的具体要求。北斗是我国自行发展的卫星导航系统,目前已实现亚太地区的覆盖。本文以北斗系统为对象,研究分析了机场终端区覆盖性情况测试方法,搭建实验环境,并对实验结果进行分析。介绍了介绍了基于性能导航,阐明其对民航运行的意义,总结归纳其对于导航系统的具体性能要求。其中导航精度与完好性为本文重点研究内容。介绍卫星导航定位的基本原理。通过分析卫星导航所应用伪距定位算法,牛顿迭代与最小二乘法总结出的影响定位精度的因素,说明几何精度因子(DOP)的来源。介绍完好性监测算法原理,说明其参数计算方法及相关标准。从而总结出影响精度,完好性,可用性的因素,为实验测定所需参数提供参考。根据以上所需参数设计实验。实验以北斗星通的北斗天璇型接收机为硬件平台,以自行开发的接收机控制记录系统为软件平台。测定地点靠近天津滨海国际机场34L/16R跑道。连续进行至少24小时的GPS、北斗双星座的不间断观测,记录实验数据。根据采集到的数据,采用自行开发的数据分析统计软件,分析当前区域的CEP精度,卫星可见数量,几何精度因子统计。针对完好性监测的接收机自主完好性检测算法(RAIM),结合国际民航组织对机场终端区性能要求,分析其可用性。对观测结果进行总结,研究表明北斗系统设计指标基本达到设计要求,同时对于非精密进近(NPA)完好性检测可用性较高,但是对于带垂直引导的进近,精密进近等应用,其性能较GPS系统仍有一定的差距。未来随着北斗星座的补充,有一定的提升空间。
[Abstract]:Performance based navigation (PBN) is the development direction of civil aviation navigation in the future. This technology can improve the operational efficiency and optimize the use of airspace.GNSS (Global Satellite Navigation system) is an important part of GNSS, and its performance index needs to meet the specific requirements of PBN.Beidou is a self-developed satellite navigation system in China.This paper takes Beidou system as the object, studies and analyzes the test method of airport terminal coverage, builds the experimental environment, and analyzes the experimental results.This paper introduces the performance-based navigation, clarifies its significance to the civil aviation operation, and summarizes its specific performance requirements for the navigation system.Among them, navigation accuracy and completeness are the main contents of this paper.The basic principle of satellite navigation and positioning is introduced.By analyzing the pseudo-range positioning algorithm used in satellite navigation, Newton iteration and least square method, the factors affecting positioning accuracy are summarized, and the origin of geometric precision factor (DOP) is explained.This paper introduces the principle of integrity monitoring algorithm, explains the calculation method of its parameters and related standards.The factors affecting accuracy, completeness and availability are summarized.The experiment is designed according to the above parameters.The experiment takes the Beidou Tianxuan receiver as the hardware platform and the self-developed receiver control recording system as the software platform.The site is near the 34L/16R runway of Tianjin Binhai International Airport.At least 24 hours of GPS, Beidou constellation continuous observation, recorded experimental data.According to the collected data, the data analysis and statistics software is developed to analyze the CEP accuracy, satellite visible number and geometric precision factor of the current region.Aiming at the receiver autonomous integrity detection algorithm for integrity monitoring, this paper analyzes the availability of the algorithm combined with the requirements of ICAO for airport terminal performance.The research results show that the design index of Beidou system is basically up to the design requirements, and the usability of NPA is high for non-precision NPAs, but for the applications such as vertical guided approach, precision approach, etc.Its performance still has certain disparity compared with GPS system.With the supplement of the constellation Dipper, there is room for improvement in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V351.37

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