约束阻尼结构扁簧动力学建模及拓扑优化

发布时间：2018-04-20 03:33

  本文选题：扁簧 + 结构阻尼　； 参考：《中国科学院研究生院(长春光学精密机械与物理研究所)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：无人机在日常生活中有着越来越重要的应用。而无人机在起降过程中对起落架的要求较高,具有良好减振性能的起落架能提高飞机降落过程的稳定性。在各种起落架形式中,扁簧式起落架具有设计制造简单、成本低等优点,被广泛应用于小中型低速飞机中。由于提高扁簧的阻尼性能对飞机的平稳性具有重要影响,本文研究了扁簧阻尼模型的建立方法以及约束阻尼层的拓扑优化方法,为设计高阻尼性能扁簧提供了依据。主要研究内容包括:1.根据扁簧单自由度自由振动试验数据分析了不同振幅下频率和粘性阻尼因子的变化趋势,并根据能量法建立了扁簧的动力学模型。最后将试验数据代入模型中进行计算,从而验证了结构阻尼计算方法的准确性。2.从能量的角度出发,依据模态应变能法推导约束阻尼层结构的动力学方程,通过粘弹性层和整体结构应变能之间的比值关系得到结构的模态损耗因子,用来表征扁簧结构阻尼的性能,为进一步拓扑优化提供目标参数。根据有限元方法推导了约束阻尼结构的动力学方程。3.建立约束阻尼板以横向位移w表示的振动微分方程,推导类悬臂结构在一端固支一端自由条件下的自由振动的解析表达式。以模态应变能法求得的前三阶模态损耗因子最大为优化目标推导出约束阻尼结构目标函数的灵敏度表达式。采用基于SIMP插值的优化准则方法对复合结构进行拓扑优化分析,以删除50%的粘弹性材料和对应的约束层材料为约束条件,使保留的材料对结构阻尼性能有较大的贡献率,从而实现对阻尼材料层的拓扑优化以减轻复合结构的总体重量。4.对拓扑优化结果进行试验验证,结果表明在删除一半的粘弹性材料和对应的约束层材料后,约束阻尼结构粘性阻尼因子变化量在5%以内。
[Abstract]:UAV has more and more important applications in daily life. However, the landing gear of UAV is very important in landing process, and the landing gear with good damping performance can improve the stability of aircraft landing process. Among all kinds of landing gear, flat spring landing gear is widely used in small and medium low speed aircraft because of its simple design and low cost. Since improving the damping performance of flat spring has an important effect on the stability of aircraft, this paper studies the establishment of damping model of flat spring and the topology optimization method of constrained damping layer, which provides the basis for designing flat spring with high damping performance. The main research contents include: 1. Based on the experimental data of free vibration of flat spring with single degree of freedom, the variation trend of frequency and viscous damping factor under different amplitude is analyzed, and the dynamic model of flat spring is established according to the energy method. Finally, the experimental data are added to the model for calculation, which verifies the accuracy of the structural damping calculation method. 2. From the point of view of energy, the dynamic equation of constrained damping layer structure is derived according to the modal strain energy method, and the modal loss factor of the structure is obtained by the ratio between the viscoelastic layer and the strain energy of the whole structure. It is used to characterize the damping performance of flat spring structure and to provide target parameters for further topology optimization. According to the finite element method, the dynamic equation of constrained damping structure. The differential equation of vibration of constrained damped plate expressed by transverse displacement w is established and the analytical expression of free vibration of cantilever like structure under the condition of one end clamping and one end free is derived. The sensitivity expression of the objective function of constrained damped structures is derived from the maximum of the first three order modal loss factors obtained by the modal strain energy method. The optimization criterion method based on SIMP interpolation is used to optimize the topology of composite structure. The removal of 50% viscoelastic material and corresponding constrained layer material is used as the constraint condition, which makes the reserved material have a large contribution to the damping performance of the structure. In order to reduce the total weight of composite structure, the topology optimization of damping material layer is realized. The experimental results of topology optimization show that the change of viscous damping factor of constrained damping structure is less than 5% after the removal of half of the viscoelastic material and the corresponding constrained layer material.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院(长春光学精密机械与物理研究所)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V279

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