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加力燃烧室振荡燃烧的影响因素与抑制技术研究

发布时间:2018-04-23 04:35

  本文选题:加力燃烧室 + 振荡燃烧 ; 参考:《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文


【摘要】:加力燃烧室内容易出现自激的振荡燃烧,振荡燃烧出现时会影响加力燃烧室的正常工作,严重时还可能导致结构的损坏。在全尺寸加力燃烧室上按照实际运行状态来深入研究振荡燃烧过程及内在机制是不现实的,为此本文根据相似原理简化了加力燃烧室,在模型加力燃烧室上研究振荡燃烧的影响因素和抑制技术,具体的工作包括:首先,通过对原型加力燃烧室进行三维稳态数值模拟研究,得到了加力燃烧室内的平均流场参数,依据相似原理对加力燃烧室进行了简化,设计了模型加力燃烧室,为后续的研究奠定基础。其次,在模型加力燃烧室上开展了振荡燃烧机制的研究,通过数值模拟和实验的方法,研究了进气压力、当量比、供油位置、稳定器结构等参数的变化对振荡燃烧的频率、振幅以及热声耦合相位的影响。研究发现:当量比对振荡燃烧有很大的影响,随着当量比的增加,振荡燃烧强度先增加后减小,在富油的时候受到抑制,振荡燃烧的频率刚开始随着当量比的增加有略微的提升,但是在当量比很大的时候,振荡的模式发生变化,振荡燃烧的频率发生巨大变化;在一定当量比下,振荡燃烧的幅值随着气流速度的增加而增大到最大值后,随速度增加而下降;供油位置变化会改变掺混段的距离,掺混段距离和进气速度共同影响混合物到达火焰前沿的流动时间,从而使放热脉动和压力脉动的相位关系发生变化,使振荡燃烧受到激励或是抑制。最后讨论了加力燃烧室振荡燃烧的抑制技术,在实验中出现的大多是低频的纵向振荡模式,而基于亥姆霍兹共振吸声原理的多孔板,对低频振荡的抑制效果有限。采用周向和径向组合的稳定器进行实验发现,倾斜的径向稳定器可以使得火焰在空间上形成多层分布,从而使一个稳定器就能达到类似于多排稳定器的效果,可以使得加力燃烧室内的放热脉动频率多样化,破坏热声耦合,对抑制振荡燃烧有较为明显的抑制效果。
[Abstract]:Self-excited oscillatory combustion is easy to occur in the afterburner, which will affect the normal operation of the afterburner and may lead to structural damage when the oscillation combustion occurs. It is not realistic to study the oscillatory combustion process and its inherent mechanism in the full-scale afterburner according to the actual operating state. Therefore, the afterburner is simplified according to the similarity principle in this paper. The influence factors and suppression techniques of oscillatory combustion in the model afterburner are studied. The specific work includes: firstly, through the three-dimensional steady numerical simulation of the prototype afterburner, the average flow field parameters in the afterburner are obtained. According to the similarity principle, the afterburner is simplified and the model afterburner is designed, which lays a foundation for further research. Secondly, the oscillatory combustion mechanism is studied in the model afterburner. By means of numerical simulation and experiment, the frequency of oscillatory combustion is studied by the change of inlet pressure, equivalent ratio, fuel supply position, stabilizer structure and so on. The effect of amplitude and thermoacoustic coupling phase. It is found that the equivalent ratio has a great influence on the oscillatory combustion. With the increase of the equivalent ratio, the intensity of the oscillatory combustion increases first and then decreases, and is restrained at the time of oil enrichment. The frequency of oscillatory combustion has just started to increase slightly with the increase of equivalent ratio, but when the ratio of equivalent is very large, the mode of oscillation changes and the frequency of oscillating combustion changes greatly. The amplitude of the oscillatory combustion increases to the maximum with the increase of the flow velocity, and decreases with the increase of the velocity, and the distance of the mixing section changes with the change of the fuel supply position. The mixing distance and the inlet velocity affect the flow time of the mixture to the front of the flame, which changes the phase relationship between the exothermic pulsation and the pressure pulsation, and the oscillatory combustion is stimulated or suppressed. In the end, the suppression technology of oscillatory combustion in the afterburner is discussed. The low frequency longitudinal oscillation mode appears mostly in the experiment, but the perforated plate based on Helmholtz resonance absorption principle has limited effect on the suppression of low frequency oscillation. Experimental results show that the inclined radial stabilizer can make the flame form a multi-layer distribution in space, so that a stabilizer can achieve a similar effect as a multi-row stabilizer. The frequency of exothermic pulsation in the afterburner can be diversified, the thermoacoustic coupling can be destroyed, and the vibration combustion can be inhibited obviously.
【学位授予单位】:南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2016
【分类号】:V231.2

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