复合材料桨叶增强带缠绕成型技术与装备研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 03:16

本文选题：桨叶增强带 + 缠绕成型　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：复合材料桨叶增强带是直升机主旋翼系统中的核心承力构件,是决定直升机动力水平的关键因素。缠绕成型技术适合于高强度纤维增强复合材料构件的制造,但传统缠绕方法及工装难以满足桨叶增强带特殊的复杂几何形状要求,且存在产品质量不稳定、成型效率低、型号扩展性差和工人劳动强度大等诸多问题。本文根据多种规格型号桨叶增强带的外形尺寸和力学性能等要求,在对多种基于传统带缠绕、带铺放等自动化成型工艺方案设计和分析的基础上,进行工艺优化与开发,提出一种新型变长度芯模缠绕成型工艺方法。对应用设计的缠绕工艺的成形件外廓进行数学描述,检验对于增强带的几何可行性,提出纤维预浸带张力与叠层压紧力的力学模型与恒力控制方案。根据提出的工艺方法,进行桨叶增强带缠绕成型装备的总体方案设计,并在此基础上,完成对机身、高速长行程直线运动机构、缠绕梭及其夹具等零部件结构设计。其中机身设计为可保证主体床身与夹具工况相对位置精度的一体组合式；运动执行机构设计为具有消振功能的轻型铝制两轴移动台；夹具的设计为适合多种缠绕梭规格型号,且具有六工位转换功能的缠绕梭托架。对装备的工作执行单元-缠绕头系统进行功能分析,对基于收放料卷径时变特征的缠绕头进行运动学与力学计算,根据理论结果提出创新性的轮系结构和恒力控制装置等设计理念,设计出包括预浸带恒张力放卷机构、PE隔离膜稳张力收卷机构和兼备C轴功能的气动式压紧力施力机构等内部组件的缠绕头系统；对缠绕装备中关键支撑部件-绕梭托架滚转架体和悬臂式Y向运动机构进行静力学刚度分析,并从多个角度进行结构优化设计。对缠绕执行机构进行运动学与动力学建模,对缠绕头运行过程进行仿真,分析缠绕头运动轨迹、启停加速度等运动学特性对纤维预浸带压紧力的影响,根据模拟结果对缠绕轨迹进行优化设计。本文的研究工作为复合材料桨叶增强带的高质高效缠绕成型提供了一套合理可靠的技术方案,突破国外长期以来的技术封锁,显著提升我国复合材料桨叶构件缠绕成型技术水平。
[Abstract]:Composite blade reinforced belt is the core component of helicopter rotor system and the key factor to determine helicopter power level. The winding molding technology is suitable for the manufacture of high strength fiber reinforced composite components, but the traditional winding methods and tools can not meet the special complex geometric requirements of blade reinforcement, and the product quality is unstable and the forming efficiency is low. Model expansion poor and labor intensity of workers and many other problems. In this paper, according to the requirements of shape, dimension and mechanical properties of various types of blade reinforcement belts, the process optimization and development are carried out on the basis of the design and analysis of various automatic forming process schemes based on traditional strip winding and strip laying. A new winding process for variable length core die is presented. In this paper, a mathematical description of the shape profile of the winding process is carried out, and the geometric feasibility of the reinforced strip is tested. A mechanical model and a constant force control scheme for the tension and laminated compression force of the fiber prepreg strip are put forward. According to the proposed technology, the overall scheme design of the winding forming equipment of the blade reinforced belt is carried out, and on this basis, the structure design of the fuselage, the linear motion mechanism with high speed and long stroke, the winding shuttle and its fixture are completed. The fuselage design is a combination type which can guarantee the relative position accuracy between the main body of the bed and the working conditions of the fixture; the motion actuator is designed as a light aluminum two-axis mobile platform with damping function; the fixture is designed for various types of winding shuttles. And has a six-position conversion function of the winding shuttle bracket. The functional analysis of the working execution unit of the equipment, the winding head system, and the kinematics and mechanics calculation of the winding head based on the time-varying characteristics of the winding diameter are carried out. According to the theoretical results, the innovative design concepts such as gear train structure and constant force control device are put forward. The winding head system is designed, which includes prepreg belt constant tension unwinding mechanism, PE isolating film stable tension winding mechanism and pneumatic compaction force mechanism with C axis function. The statics stiffness of the key supporting parts in winding equipment, the bobbin and the cantilever Y moving mechanism, is analyzed, and the structural optimization design is carried out from many angles. The kinematics and dynamics of the winding actuator are modeled, the operation process of the winding head is simulated, and the influence of the kinematic characteristics of the winding head, such as the trajectory of the winding head and the acceleration of the starting and stopping, on the compression and tightening force of the fiber prepreg belt is analyzed. According to the simulation results, the winding trajectory is optimized. The research work in this paper provides a set of reasonable and reliable technical scheme for the high quality and high efficiency winding molding of composite blade reinforced belt, and breaks through the technical blockade of foreign countries for a long time. The technology level of composite blade winding molding is improved significantly in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V262.3;TB33

【参考文献】