民用航空器搜寻技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 23:15

本文选题：搜寻机制 + 搜寻区域确定　；参考：《中国民用航空飞行学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：民用航空器紧急情况(情况不明、告警和遇险)的出现会威胁到人民生命财产的安全,并产生严重的经济、政治负面影响。虽然目前随着航空器制造技术和新航行技术的逐步应用使得民用航空器的安全技术得到了较大的改善,但由于人为原因、航空器自身故障、天气原因,近两年来民用航空器事故仍频繁发生。高效、快速的实施搜寻并尽快确定民用航空器失事的位置或区域是提供民用航空器救援的前提,对于减少人员伤亡和财产损失具有重要意义。本文首先从组织层面,在文献查阅、问卷调查、实地调研的基础上,完善了目前民用航空器搜寻组织架构,进一步明确了各搜寻单位的职责,提出了不同阶段民用航空器搜寻协调方案,建立了民用航空器搜寻信息通报流程,构建了符合我国国情的民用航空器搜寻机制。为了快速确定遇险航空器的位置,首先对失事航空器进行空气动力学分析,计算得出航空器空中漂移距离,进而计算出航空器可能坠落区域的半径,然后分已知航空器迫降大概位置和未知航空器失事情况分别讨论,从而建立航空器失事后在地面可能坠落区域的预测模型。在确定了搜寻区域以后,本文利用最优搜寻理论建立了民用航空器最优搜寻的数学模型,并利用拉格朗日数乘法对该模型进行求解,从而实现了对有限资源的最优分配,通过算例分析,验证了方法比传统方法的优越性。最后基于以上构建的搜寻区域预测模型和最优搜寻模型,在Windows7操作系统上,运用面向对象的C#编程语言和VS2010集成开发平台开发实现了民用航空器搜寻决策辅助系统的各个功能模块,通过对各模块输入计算参数,得到了搜寻区域关键点的经纬度坐标,并在Google Earth进行直观显示,结果表明该软件计算速度快,通过与前面算例进行对比分析验证了模型构建的准确性,达到了软件设计的目的,为民用航空器的搜寻工作提供了技术支持和参考。
[Abstract]:The emergence of civil aircraft emergencies (unknown, alarm and distress) will threaten the safety of people's lives and property, and have serious economic and political negative effects. Although at present, with the gradual application of aircraft manufacturing technology and new navigation technology, the safety technology of civil aircraft has been greatly improved, but due to man-made reasons, aircraft own failures, weather reasons, Civil aircraft accidents still occur frequently in the past two years. Efficient and rapid search and determination of the location or area of civil aircraft crash is the premise of providing civil aircraft rescue. It is of great significance to reduce casualties and property losses. First of all, on the basis of literature review, questionnaire survey and field investigation, this paper improves the current civil aircraft search organization structure and further clarifies the duties and responsibilities of the various search units. In this paper, the coordination scheme of civil aircraft search in different stages is put forward, and the flow chart of civil aircraft search information communication is established, and the civil aircraft search mechanism according to the situation of our country is constructed. In order to quickly determine the position of the aircraft in distress, first of all, the aerodynamics analysis of the crashed aircraft is carried out, and the drift distance of the aircraft in the air is calculated, and then the radius of the area in which the aircraft may fall is calculated. Then the general position of the known forced landing of the aircraft and the unknown circumstances of the aircraft crash are discussed respectively, and the prediction model of the possible landing area after the aircraft crash is established. After the search area is determined, the mathematical model of the optimal search for civil aircraft is established by using the optimal search theory, and the Lagrange number multiplication is used to solve the model, thus the optimal allocation of finite resources is realized. An example shows that the method is superior to the traditional one. Finally, based on the search region prediction model and the optimal search model constructed above, on the Windows7 operating system, Using the object-oriented C # programming language and VS2010 integrated development platform, each function module of the civil aircraft search and decision support system is developed. The longitude and latitude coordinates of the key points in the search area are obtained by inputting the calculation parameters to each module. The result of visual display in Google Earth shows that the calculation speed of the software is fast. The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing with the previous examples, and the purpose of the software design is achieved. It provides technical support and reference for the search of civil aircraft.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V328

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