卫星太阳能帆板驱动机构模拟试验系统设计

发布时间：2018-06-28 23:55

本文选题：卫星 + SADA　；参考：《山东大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了检测卫星部件性能,在卫星发射升空之前必须要进行大量地面建模和模拟试验,其中建模过程包括数学建模和物理建模。其中物理建模包括整体和部分两类。部分建模是模拟卫星上的某一部件,在地面环境下进行研究。如卫星的太阳能帆板(SA)及相关组件。因为太阳能帆板一般为卫星上最大的挠性结构,容易发生振动。这种振动在没有空气阻尼的太空环境下一旦被激起很难衰减,会给卫星的运行甚至安全带来不可预料的后果。因此有必要在地面上对可能引起太阳能帆板振动的各类因素进行试验研究,本文着眼于太阳能帆板的驱动机构(SADA)速率稳定性可能导致的振动,开发了一整套地面模拟设备进行仿真试验。首先,论文深入分析了卫星太阳能帆板驱动机构的工作原理,驱动机构若转速不稳定,在驱动太阳能帆板进行方位调整时会带来速度的突变,进而导致振动。而地面模拟研究最关键的是要尽可能真实地模拟出卫星失重环境,如零重力。模拟零重力主要方式有两种：吊挂和气浮,其中吊挂会额外带来较大的摩擦力和附加力矩,适用于某些静止或小范围运动环境下的模拟,相比而言气浮系统的使用更加广泛,研究也更加深入。在此基础上提出了基于单轴气浮系统的测试台方案,使用多维力传感器,加速度传感器来完成运转时震动数据的测量,数据采集装置使用美国国家仪器公司基于FPGA的可编程智能采集卡。其次,对测试设备的硬件系统进行了设计,设备需要具有通用性,不同型号的驱动机构均可以进行试验；同时也需要模拟出不同类型的太阳能帆板所具有的转动惯量和频率,因此在整套设备进行加工制造之前进行了理论模型模拟,包括三维软件内部参数设计和分析以及有限元分析等,以保证关键参数满足实际要求。然后,对测试系统的软件模块进行了详细设计和深入研究,使用LabVIEW语言实现基于高性能FPGA的信号采集模块设计,开发了具有底层FPGA和上位机通讯接口的软件系统,使得上位机具有数据处理,波形分析,显示和保存等功能。最后,对整体系统进行调试和试验,对于采集到的信号数据进行滤波,频域分析等算法,分析试验数据,对研制的测试系统进行功能性验证。
[Abstract]:In order to test the performance of satellite components, a large number of ground modeling and simulation experiments must be carried out before the launch of the satellite. The modeling process includes mathematical modeling and physical modeling. There are two kinds of physical modeling: whole and part. Partial modeling is to simulate a component of a satellite and study it in the ground environment. Such as satellite solar panels (SA) and related components. Because solar panels are generally the largest flexible structure on the satellite, they are prone to vibration. It is difficult to attenuate this vibration once it is aroused in the space environment without air damping, which will bring unpredictable consequences to the operation and even safety of the satellite. Therefore, it is necessary to study the various factors that may cause the vibration of solar panels on the ground. This paper focuses on the vibration caused by the speed stability of the driving mechanism (SADA) of the solar panels. A set of ground simulation equipment was developed for simulation test. Firstly, the working principle of the satellite solar panel driving mechanism is deeply analyzed. If the speed of the driving mechanism is unstable, it will bring the sudden change of the speed when driving the solar panel to adjust its azimuth, and then cause the vibration. The key to ground simulation is to simulate the satellite weightlessness environment as truthfully as possible, such as zero gravity. There are two main ways to simulate zero gravity: hanging and air floatation, in which hanging will bring extra friction and additional torque. It is suitable for simulation in some static or small motion environments, and the air floating system is more widely used. The research is also deeper. On the basis of this, a test table scheme based on uniaxial air flotation system is put forward, which uses multi-dimension force sensor and acceleration sensor to measure vibration data during operation. The data acquisition device uses a programmable intelligent acquisition card based on FPGA. Secondly, the hardware system of the test equipment is designed, the equipment needs to be universal, different types of driving mechanism can be tested, and the moment of inertia and frequency of different types of solar panels should be simulated. Therefore, theoretical model simulation is carried out before the whole equipment is processed and manufactured, including the design and analysis of internal parameters of 3D software and finite element analysis, so as to ensure that the key parameters meet the practical requirements. Then, the software module of the test system is designed and studied in detail. The signal acquisition module based on high performance FPGA is designed with LabVIEW language, and the software system with the communication interface between the bottom FPGA and the host computer is developed. The host computer has the functions of data processing, waveform analysis, display and storage. Finally, the whole system is debugged and tested, and the collected signal data are filtered, frequency domain analysis algorithm is used to analyze the test data, and the function of the developed test system is verified.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V416.8;V442

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