浮空器用轻质等离子体传导式避雷索的雷电防护特性研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 20:38

本文选题：雷电放电试验 + 避雷索　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文介绍的自主研发的新型轻质等离子体传导式避雷索作为浮空器上新型的雷电防护装置,目前缺少对其雷电防护特性的试验研究。本论文的目的是通过对避雷索的雷电防护特性进行试验研究,评估其雷电击距和保护范围,并与传统避雷线的雷电防护性能进行对比。试验时将避雷索放置在棒—板放电结构中,用棒电极模拟自然雷电下行先导,置于避雷索旁的棒形导体模拟被保护物。基于上述试验方法,应用滚球法对其雷电保护范围进行评估,以雷电防护概率大于90%为限值,对高1.2m,纽扣间隙0.5mm、1mm避雷索的雷电防护特性进行了模拟雷击试验,统计不同空间相对位置下避雷索对被保护物的雷电防护概率,获得了避雷索、金属避雷线在正、负极性放电下的雷电保护范围,并与传统金属避雷线保护范围、滚球法屏蔽范围理论值进行了对比,绘得雷电保护范围的对比曲线。本文利用计算机仿真对避雷索的雷电预击穿阶段的电场分布和几何模型进行了研究,考虑避雷索高度和雷电脉冲极性的变化对击距的影响,建立了在正、负极性脉冲下雷电击距的计算公式。保护范围试验结果显示正极性下避雷索的保护范围和滚球法计算结果接近,负极性下的保护范围差距较大,表明滚球法对避雷索雷电保护范围的评估不够精确。本文利用椭圆模型公式对避雷索保护范围进行计算,正、负极性试验下所得数据和计算结果能够很好的吻合。研究结果表明椭圆模型对避雷索雷电保护范围的评估是有效的且相比滚球法更加精确,纽扣间隙0.5mm比lmm的避雷索的雷电保护性能更优。避雷索的保护特性能够满足雷电防护设计的要求,对其雷电防护范围具有为新型轻质等离子体传导式避雷索广泛应用于浮空器的雷电防护设计提供依据。
[Abstract]:A new type of light-weight plasma conducting lightning arrester is introduced in this paper as a new type of lightning protection device on floating air. At present, there is a lack of experimental research on its lightning protection characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the lightning shock distance and protection range of lightning arrester through the experimental study of lightning protection characteristics of lightning protection cable, and to compare with the lightning protection performance of traditional lightning protection wire. In the experiment, the lightning arrester is placed in the structure of the rod-plate discharge, and the rod electrode is used to simulate the natural lightning down lead, and the rod conductor next to the lightning arrester is used to simulate the protected object. Based on the above test method, the range of lightning protection was evaluated by rolling ball method. The lightning protection characteristics of 1.2m high and 0.5 mm ~ 1mm button gap were simulated with lightning protection probability greater than 90%. The lightning protection probabilities of lightning arresting cables to protected objects in different space relative positions are counted, and the lightning protection range of lightning protection cable, metal lightning protection line under positive and negative discharge is obtained, and the range of lightning protection is compared with traditional metal lightning protection line. The theoretical values of shielding range of rolling ball method are compared and the contrast curve of lightning protection range is drawn. In this paper, the electric field distribution and geometric model of lightning arrester are studied by computer simulation. Considering the influence of lightning rod height and lightning pulse polarity on the strike distance, a positive model is established. The calculation formula of lightning shock distance under negative polarity pulse. The experimental results of protection range show that the range of lightning protection under positive polarity is close to that calculated by rolling ball method, but the range of protection range under negative polarity is quite different, which indicates that the evaluation of lightning protection range by rolling ball method is not accurate enough. In this paper, the range of lightning protection is calculated by using the elliptic model formula. The data obtained from the positive and negative polarity tests are in good agreement with the calculated results. The results show that the elliptic model is effective and more accurate than the rolling ball method in evaluating the range of lightning protection of lightning arresters, and the 0.5mm with button gap is better than the lightning protection of lmm. The protection characteristics of lightning protection cable can meet the requirements of lightning protection design, and the range of lightning protection can provide the basis for the new type of light plasma conductive lightning protection cable widely used in the lightning protection design of floating air cooler.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V242

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