锥形复合材料筒斜孔加工设备研制

发布时间：2018-07-10 12:15

本文选题：碳纤维复合材料筒 + 锥形筒　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：锥形碳纤维复合材料筒是航天专用件,其孔加工质量对航天器件的安全性能及使用性能有着重要影响,但因其尺寸较大、造型不规则、孔加工要求复杂等特点,使得以往的手动加工方法难以实现孔的高效率、高质量加工,而现有的数控设备也因结构限制,以及无法实现加工要求等原因无法完成这一专用件的加工。航空航天业的不断发展对零部件加工设备提出了更高的要求,因此,有必要研制一套专用的自动化设备来解决这一问题。本文针对在锥形复合筒上加工成一定角度的孔这一课题,研制了专用的孔加工设备,对于提高锥形复合筒的孔加工效率和加工精度具有重要意义。本文对课题的背景和意义进行了介绍,全面分析了碳纤维复合材料加工技术和设备在国内外的发展和应用,在此基础上从以下方面展开研究工作：对碳纤维复合材料孔加工理论进行了分析,指出其加工过程中容易出现的问题。针对加工不同角度孔的要求,设计了加工单元的进给运动方案,并以此展开设备布局方案的设计。设备的总体结构可划分为三个子系统：回转定位工作台、进给子系统、孔加工子系统。三个子系统的相对运动按照孔加工工序合理布置,以保证加工的合理性和可靠性。进给子系统包括水平进给单元和垂直进给单元,两者按照直角坐标运动形式布置。孔加工子系统是整个设备的核心结构,可实现孔加工组件的角度控制和台阶孔的加工。平行四杆机构巧妙地实现了工件与加工单元的定位,保证了定位精度。本文基于CAD/CAE技术,应用Pro/Engineer工程软件,从总体方案出发进行了设备各个子系统的详细结构设计,实现了设备各零部件的三维实体参数化建模,进行了零部件的虚拟装配,并通过运动仿真检查干涉。应用ANSYS/Workbench对孔加工组件进行了模态分析,避免制孔过程中发生共振。进行了关键零部件的结构静力学分析,并优化了相关结构,改进了零件尺寸,完成了设备的整体优化,最终设计出一套用于加工锥形碳纤维复合材料筒斜孔的专用设备。
[Abstract]:The tapered carbon fiber composite tube is a special part for spaceflight. The hole processing quality has an important influence on the safety and performance of the spaceflight device. However, because of its large size, irregular shape and complex hole processing requirements, etc. It is difficult for the previous manual machining methods to achieve high efficiency and high quality machining of the holes. However, the existing numerical control equipment is unable to complete the machining of the special parts due to the structural constraints and the inability to meet the processing requirements. The continuous development of aerospace industry puts forward higher requirements for parts processing equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a set of special automation equipment to solve this problem. In this paper, a special hole machining equipment is developed to improve the efficiency and precision of hole machining in conical composite cylinder. In this paper, the background and significance of the project are introduced, and the development and application of CFRP processing technology and equipment at home and abroad are analyzed. On this basis, the research work is carried out from the following aspects: the theory of hole processing of carbon fiber composites is analyzed, and the problems in the processing process are pointed out. According to the requirement of machining different angle holes, the feed motion scheme of machining unit is designed, and the design of equipment layout scheme is carried out. The overall structure of the equipment can be divided into three subsystems: rotary positioning table, feed subsystem, hole processing subsystem. The relative motion of the three subsystems is arranged reasonably according to the hole processing procedure to ensure the rationality and reliability of the machining. The feed subsystem consists of a horizontal feed unit and a vertical feed unit, which are arranged in the form of Cartesian coordinates. The hole machining subsystem is the core structure of the whole equipment, which can realize the angle control of the hole machining module and the machining of the step hole. The parallel four-bar mechanism cleverly realizes the positioning of workpiece and machining unit and ensures the positioning accuracy. Based on CAD / CAE technology and using Pro-Engineer engineering software, the detailed structure design of each subsystem of the equipment is carried out from the overall scheme, and the 3D solid parametric modeling of each part of the equipment is realized, and the virtual assembly of the parts is carried out. The interference is checked by motion simulation. ANSYS / Workbench is applied to the modal analysis of the hole machining module to avoid the resonance in the hole making process. The structural statics analysis of the key parts is carried out, and the related structures are optimized, the dimensions of the parts are improved, and the whole equipment is optimized. Finally, a set of special equipment is designed for machining the oblique holes in the tapered carbon fiber composite tubes.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V46

【参考文献】