航天器介质充电效应模拟试验中的电位测量技术及应用

发布时间：2018-08-14 15:25

【摘要】：航天器所运行的空间辐射环境复杂而多变,内部充放电效应是威胁其安全的重要环境效应之一。放电不仅会对航天器介质本身造成损伤,影响介质的绝缘性能,其产生的ESD(Electro-Static Discharge)脉冲还会干扰航天器上电子系统的正常工作,严重时使航天器发生故障。地面模拟试验是研究充放电效应的有效手段,其中介质所能达到的充电电位是地面模拟试验和材料电导率测量试验中需要获取的主要参数。因此,在地面模拟试验中对材料的充电电位进行准确测量具有重要意义。文章基于介质充电电位的非接触式转接测量方法,分析了测量中引起误差的各个因素,提出了减小测量误差和提高转接测量分辨率的方法,并进行试验验证。据此设计了一套介质电位非接触式转接测量系统,其测量分辨率达到10V以下,且由电荷泄漏引起的测量误差1%,能够满足航天器介质充电电位的测量要求。同时,本文选取了环氧树脂和聚酰亚胺这两种航天器常用介质材料,利用作者设计的介质电位非接触式转接测量系统,对电荷贮存衰减法测量介质电导率的影响因素进行了探究。试验结果表明,采用相同辐照源不同初始电位所得的介质电导率基本一致,采用不同辐照源相近初始电位所得的电导率也基本一致。这说明采用电荷贮存衰减法测量介质电导率时,可以忽略不同辐照源(放射源和电子枪)和不同初始衰减电位对测量结果的影响。
[Abstract]:The space radiation environment of spacecraft is complex and changeable, and the internal charge and discharge effect is one of the important environmental effects threatening its safety. The ESD (Electro-Static Discharge) pulse generated by the discharge will not only damage the spacecraft dielectric itself and affect the dielectric insulation, but also interfere with the normal operation of the electronic system on the spacecraft and cause the spacecraft to fail seriously. Ground simulation test is an effective means to study charge and discharge effect. The charge potential which can be achieved by medium is the main parameter to be obtained in ground simulation test and material conductivity measurement test. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately measure the charging potential of the material in the ground simulation test. Based on the non-contact measurement method of dielectric charging potential, the factors causing errors in measurement are analyzed, and a method to reduce the measurement error and improve the resolution of transfer measurement is put forward, and the experimental results are verified. Based on this, a non-contact measuring system for dielectric potential is designed. The measuring resolution is less than 10V, and the measurement error caused by charge leakage is 1, which can meet the requirement of measuring dielectric charging potential of spacecraft. At the same time, this paper selects epoxy resin and polyimide, two kinds of spacecraft commonly used dielectric materials, using the dielectric potential non-contact measurement system designed by the author. The factors influencing the measurement of dielectric conductivity by charge storage attenuation method are discussed. The results show that the conductivities of different initial potentials of the same irradiation sources are basically the same, and the conductivities of the same initial potentials of different radiation sources are basically the same. This shows that the influence of different irradiation sources (radiation sources and electron guns) and different initial attenuation potentials on the measurement results can be neglected when using charge storage attenuation method to measure dielectric conductivity.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院国家空间科学中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V416

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