某直升机训练器全系统耦合飞行动力学建模技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 18:41

【摘要】：直升机飞行模拟器以成本低、安全可靠、功能灵活多变、适用范围广和实用性强等诸多优点,已经成为直升机研制和飞行员培训过程中必不可少的重要设备。直升机飞行仿真系统作为模拟器的核心,其性能直接决定模拟器的鉴定等级和飞行科目训练的覆盖程度。本文着眼于建立一套适合实时仿真训练的直升机全系统耦合飞行动力学数学模型,并以此为基础,设计开发结构清晰且使用维护方便的直升机飞行仿真系统,从而实现训练器的飞行仿真功能。论文首先结合飞行仿真系统的硬件设备需求搭建模拟座舱,并根据训练器软件系统功能要求提出了各软件系统设计开发的总体技术方案。其次,综合建立了一套直升机全系统耦合的非线性实时飞行动力学数学模型,包括WGS84椭球模型下的动力学方程、旋翼、发动机、传动系统的耦合模型、机身、垂尾、平尾的气动模型、起落架模型、大气环境模型以及重力模型。然后,基于MFC(Microsoft Foundation Classes)开发平台,采用面向对象的软件开发思想设计开发了直升机飞行仿真系统和教员控制台软件,并完成基于Mantis的视景系统开发、配置与驱动。将所设计开发的软件系统与模拟座舱结合,配置训练器的运行环境,通过软件系统的集成与联调实现了训练器的飞行仿真功能。最后,通过地面模拟飞行试验对整个系统进行了综合测试。仿真结果表明该套建模方法切实可行,所建模型实时性好,仿真度高,能够模拟直升机整个飞行包线内的飞行特性,训练器各软硬件系统功能完善,可靠性好,研究成果能够为驾驶员提供良好的仿真训练环境。
[Abstract]:Helicopter flight simulator, with its advantages of low cost, safety and reliability, flexible function, wide range of application and strong practicability, has become an essential equipment in the process of helicopter development and pilot training. Helicopter flight simulation system as the core of simulator, its performance directly determines the evaluation level of simulator and the coverage of flight subject training. This paper focuses on the establishment of a set of helicopter coupling flight dynamics mathematical model suitable for real-time simulation training. Based on this model, a helicopter flight simulation system with clear structure and convenient operation and maintenance is designed and developed. Thus, the flight simulation function of the trainer is realized. In this paper, the simulation cockpit is built according to the hardware requirements of the flight simulation system, and the overall technical scheme for the design and development of each software system is put forward according to the functional requirements of the software system of the trainer. Secondly, a set of nonlinear real-time flight dynamics mathematical model of helicopter system coupling is established, including dynamics equation under WGS84 ellipsoid model, coupling model of rotor, engine and transmission system, fuselage, vertical tail, etc. Flat tail aerodynamic model, landing gear model, atmospheric environment model and gravity model. Then, the helicopter flight simulation system and the instructor console software are designed and developed based on the MFC (Microsoft Foundation Classes) development platform and the object-oriented software development idea. The visual system based on Mantis is developed, configured and driven. The software system designed and developed is combined with the simulated cockpit to configure the running environment of the trainer. The flight simulation function of the trainer is realized through the integration and joint adjustment of the software system. Finally, the whole system is tested by ground simulation flight test. The simulation results show that the modeling method is feasible, the model is real-time, the simulation is high, and the flight characteristics of the whole flight envelope of the helicopter can be simulated. The functions of the software and hardware systems of the trainer are perfect and the reliability is good. The research results can provide a good simulation training environment for drivers.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V212

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