终端区进离场航线网络的生成算法及应用研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 21:10

【摘要】：终端区进离场航线网络在降低终端空域运行复杂度,实现飞行的安全、经济和高效方面发挥重要作用。为了提高终端区进离场航线网络的生成效率及自动化程度,避免航线设计过分依赖设计人员的技术水平,进行进离场航线网络自动生成算法研究,使设计方案更加科学合理。首先总结分析终端区进离场航线的特点,基于进场航线汇聚交通流和离场航线分离交通流的特点提出进离场航线设计的3条原则;接下来将终端区进离场航线网络生成分为进离场点选址和进离场航线生成两个核心内容并分别展开深入研究。在进离场点选址问题中,借鉴离散设施选址问题构造流量需求点集和备选进离场点集。首先基于进场航班排队理论建立流量需求点计算模型,然后建立以航空器飞行总里程和选址安全水平为优化目标,以流量匹配和布局间隔为约束的多目标规划模型,最后利用免疫算法求解该模型。在进离场航线生成问题中,从网络拓扑结构角度开展进离场航线网络建模与设计。首先建立以终端区容量、航线长度和航线梯度为优化目标,满足航段越障、航线避障、航段可飞性、航线交叉点垂直间隔和航线汇聚点距离等约束的规划模型,然后构造基于限制区凸多边形的MAKLINK图,采用Dijkstra算法搜索一条经过MAKLINK线中点的初始航线,利用蚁群算法进行水平航路点和垂直梯度搜索得到优化航线,同时确定容量目标最优的汇聚点位置,完成含进场航线汇聚点和离场航线分离点的进离场航线网络生成。以西安终端区咸阳机场05L跑道运行构型为例,应用MATLAB软件进行仿真试验。算例结果表明,得到的进离场点组合和位置布局与实际终端区匹配,选址过程能够自动确定进离场点的绝对位置和相对位置;得到的进离场航线网络其汇聚点位置和间距合理,满足各约束条件且目标值较优。免疫算法和蚁群算法运行稳定,收敛较快。
[Abstract]:Terminal area departure route network plays an important role in reducing terminal airspace operation complexity and realizing flight safety, economy and efficiency. In order to improve the efficiency and automation of the route network in the terminal area, to avoid the over-reliance on the technical level of the designer in the design of the route, and to study the algorithm of the automatic generation of the route network, the design scheme is more scientific and reasonable. Firstly, the characteristics of departure route in terminal area are summarized and analyzed. Based on the characteristics of converging traffic flow and separating traffic flow from departure route, three principles of route design are put forward. Next, the network generation of inbound and outbound routes in the terminal area is divided into two core parts: location of entry and exit points and route generation of departure route, and further research is carried out respectively. In the location problem of entry and exit points, the discrete facility location problem is used to construct the set of traffic demand points and the set of alternative entry and exit points. Firstly, the traffic demand point model is established based on the approach flight queuing theory, then a multi-objective programming model is established, which takes total flight mileage and safety level of location as the optimization objective, and takes traffic matching and layout interval as constraints. Finally, the immune algorithm is used to solve the model. In the problem of route generation, the network modeling and design are carried out from the point of view of network topology. Firstly, a planning model based on the capacity, length and gradient of the terminal area is established to meet the constraints of segment crossing, route avoidance, segment flight ability, vertical interval between intersections and distance of route convergence points. Then the MAKLINK diagram based on the restricted area convex polygon is constructed, and the Dijkstra algorithm is used to search an initial route passing through the midpoint of the MAKLINK line, and the ant colony algorithm is used to search the horizontal path point and the vertical gradient to obtain the optimal route. At the same time, the location of the optimal convergent point of the capacity target is determined, and the network of incoming and outgoing routes including the convergent point of approach route and the separation point of departure route is completed. Taking the running configuration of Runway 05L of Xianyang Airport in Xi'an Terminal area as an example, the simulation test is carried out with MATLAB software. The numerical results show that the combination and location of the entry and exit points match the actual terminal area, the location process can automatically determine the absolute position and relative position of the entry and exit points, and the location and spacing of the convergent points of the network are reasonable. Each constraint condition is satisfied and the target value is better. Immune algorithm and ant colony algorithm run stably and converge fast.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V355

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