飞行器模型结构动力学及性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-18 20:57

【摘要】：风洞试验作为高超声速技术研究的重要手段之一,对其发展发挥着十分重要的作用,风洞在启动和关车时会产生强烈的冲击效应,气流脉动特性非常明显,安装于试验段的模型会产生强烈的振动,给试验模型升阻力的测量带来严重影响,因此对试验模型进行动力学研究非常必要。本文通过理论建模、数值模拟和试验检测三者相结合的方法对风洞试验模型的动力学特性展开研究,获得了模型的动力学特性。论文首先结合风洞试验原理,提出了飞行器结构动力学研究的方法,目前研究现状和发展的趋势,指出了论文研究的意义,并基于动力学研究的方法,概括了论文的研究内容。第二,根据试验中模型的安装结构及方式,将试验模型简化为相应的质点弹簧系统,对系统的各部分建立结构动力学方程,然后采用模态综合法将各部分方程耦合,建立模型系统的结构动力学方程。然后,根据试验过程中各部分的受力及刚度情况,对方程进行了进一步的分析。第三,对试验模型系统进行了模态分析。分别通过仿真分析和锤击法获得了模型的计算模态参数和试验模态参数,并针对两者所得到的结果进行了分析。第四,振动特性分析。首先对试验模型受到单向冲击载荷作用时产生的振动情况进行了模拟,得到了模型振动的周期和振动形式。然后采用加速度传感器对风洞试验过程中模型的振动情况进行了检测,并对检测所得信号进行了分阶段处理。最后对仿真和检测结果综合分析,得到模型的振动规律,并初步分析了造成此振动的激励形式。最后,对论文工作进行了总结,并针对论文中存在的不足,提出了深入研究的初步想法,为后期工作的开展奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Wind tunnel test, as one of the important means of hypersonic technology research, plays a very important role in its development. The model installed in the test section will produce strong vibration, which will seriously affect the measurement of the resistance of the test model. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamics of the test model. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of the wind tunnel test model are studied by the combination of theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and test detection, and the dynamic characteristics of the model are obtained. Based on the principle of wind tunnel test, this paper first puts forward the research method of aircraft structure dynamics, the present research status and development trend, points out the significance of the research, and summarizes the research content based on the method of dynamics research. Secondly, according to the installation structure and mode of the model in the test, the test model is simplified into the corresponding mass spring system, and the structural dynamic equations are established for each part of the system, and then each part equation is coupled by the modal synthesis method. The structural dynamics equation of the model system is established. Then, the equation is further analyzed according to the stress and stiffness of each part of the experiment. Thirdly, modal analysis of the test model system is carried out. The calculated modal parameters and experimental modal parameters of the model are obtained by simulation analysis and hammering method, respectively, and the results obtained from the two methods are analyzed. Fourth, the vibration characteristic analysis. First, the vibration of the experimental model subjected to unidirectional impact load is simulated, and the vibration period and vibration form of the model are obtained. Then the vibration of the model during wind tunnel test is detected by acceleration sensor, and the detected signal is processed in stages. Finally, the vibration law of the model is obtained by synthetically analyzing the simulation and testing results, and the exciting form of the vibration is preliminarily analyzed. Finally, the paper summarizes the work of the paper, and in view of the shortcomings of the paper, puts forward the preliminary idea of in-depth research, which lays a foundation for the later work.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V211.74;V214

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