基于扇区交通特性的航空管制员工作负荷的计算
发布时间：2018-10-21 11:48
【摘要】：空中交通管制员的工作表现直接影响到空中交通的安全和顺畅,其工作质量对航空器的安全、高效运行有非常重要的作用。管制员的工作负荷大小一直以来都是热点的话题,如何准确的计算管制员的工作负荷水平也一直是空中交通管理中人为因素研究的重点问题。目前,业界对于管制员工作负荷水平的计算和评估研究主要集中于问卷式和调查式等。在调查式方法中使用较多的是基于扇区复杂性因素的管制员工作负荷问题研究,以扇区复杂性为基础计算管制员的工作负荷水平。目前,扇区复杂性研究很多都以扇区内航空器数量作为表征扇区的任务难度,在某种程度上这些方法都可以反映一部分的工作负荷。但现有文献表明,以上方法测量的管制员工作负荷未考虑扇区的一些与和航空器数量在内的动态因素存在相关关系的扇区静态因素,无法真实有效的计算和评估管制员的工作负荷大小。 本文以区域管制员的工作任务为例,采用雷达模拟的方法对管制员的工作任务进行了模拟,讨论分析了影响管制员工作负荷的扇区复杂性因素,并将其分成了静态和动态因素两类基础因素,并组成了扇区复杂性基础变量。在扇区复杂性因素的基础变量的基础上,使用线性和非线性两种方法对比分析、评估,建立管制员工作负荷的数学计算模型,力求对管制员工作负荷水平进行更加准确的计算和评估。 本文使用三个不同静态扇区复杂度的管制模拟情景,以区域管制员为被试,研究了不同情境条件下的管制员工作负荷水平,使用扇区复杂性的基础变量构建了基于扇区复杂性因素的管制员工作负荷模。模型检验结果表明,在使用静态和动态扇区复杂性因素结合方法的复杂性因素的管制员工作负荷计算建立的模型的效果优于单独使用动态扇区复杂性因素的管制员工作负荷模型；在使用非线性方法建立的管制员工作负荷模型的预测结果表明,其模型的有效性高于使用常规的线性方法建立的管制员工作负荷评估模型。对比结果表明,基于静态和动态结合的扇区复杂性因素建立的管制员工作负荷非线性模型的预测能力和预测性能更好,能更加准确的评估管制员的工作负荷。
[Abstract]:The performance of air traffic controllers has a direct impact on the safety and smoothness of air traffic. The working quality of air traffic controllers plays an important role in the safety and efficient operation of aircraft. The workload of controllers has always been a hot topic, how to accurately calculate the workload level of controllers has been a key issue in the study of human factors in air traffic management. At present, the research on the calculation and evaluation of controller workload is mainly focused on questionnaire and survey. The research of controller workload based on sector complexity is used in the investigation method, and the workload level of controller is calculated on the basis of sector complexity. At present, many studies on sector complexity take the number of in-sector aircraft as the task difficulty to characterize the sector. To some extent, these methods can reflect a part of the workload. However, the existing literature shows that the workload measured by the above method does not take into account some static sector factors which are related to the dynamic factors including the number of aircraft. It is impossible to calculate and evaluate the workload of the controller in a real and effective manner. In this paper, taking the task of the regional controller as an example, the task of the controller is simulated by the method of radar simulation, and the sector complexity factors that affect the workload of the controller are discussed and analyzed. It is divided into two kinds of basic factors, static and dynamic factors, and the basic variables of sector complexity are formed. Based on the basic variables of sector complexity factor, the mathematical calculation model of controller workload is established by comparing and analyzing the linear and nonlinear methods. Strive for more accurate calculation and evaluation of controller workload level. In this paper, three control simulation scenarios with different static sector complexity are used to study the workload level of controllers under different conditions. The controller workload module based on sector complexity is constructed by using the basic variables of sector complexity. The model test results show that, The effect of the controller workload model based on static and dynamic sector complexity factors combined with the complexity factors of the method is better than that of the controller workload model using dynamic sector complexity factors alone. The forecasting results of the controller workload model using the nonlinear method show that the effectiveness of the model is higher than that of the controller workload assessment model established by the conventional linear method. The results show that the nonlinear model of controller workload based on static and dynamic sector complexity factors has better predictive ability and prediction performance, and can more accurately evaluate the workload of controller.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V355
本文编号：2285005
[Abstract]:The performance of air traffic controllers has a direct impact on the safety and smoothness of air traffic. The working quality of air traffic controllers plays an important role in the safety and efficient operation of aircraft. The workload of controllers has always been a hot topic, how to accurately calculate the workload level of controllers has been a key issue in the study of human factors in air traffic management. At present, the research on the calculation and evaluation of controller workload is mainly focused on questionnaire and survey. The research of controller workload based on sector complexity is used in the investigation method, and the workload level of controller is calculated on the basis of sector complexity. At present, many studies on sector complexity take the number of in-sector aircraft as the task difficulty to characterize the sector. To some extent, these methods can reflect a part of the workload. However, the existing literature shows that the workload measured by the above method does not take into account some static sector factors which are related to the dynamic factors including the number of aircraft. It is impossible to calculate and evaluate the workload of the controller in a real and effective manner. In this paper, taking the task of the regional controller as an example, the task of the controller is simulated by the method of radar simulation, and the sector complexity factors that affect the workload of the controller are discussed and analyzed. It is divided into two kinds of basic factors, static and dynamic factors, and the basic variables of sector complexity are formed. Based on the basic variables of sector complexity factor, the mathematical calculation model of controller workload is established by comparing and analyzing the linear and nonlinear methods. Strive for more accurate calculation and evaluation of controller workload level. In this paper, three control simulation scenarios with different static sector complexity are used to study the workload level of controllers under different conditions. The controller workload module based on sector complexity is constructed by using the basic variables of sector complexity. The model test results show that, The effect of the controller workload model based on static and dynamic sector complexity factors combined with the complexity factors of the method is better than that of the controller workload model using dynamic sector complexity factors alone. The forecasting results of the controller workload model using the nonlinear method show that the effectiveness of the model is higher than that of the controller workload assessment model established by the conventional linear method. The results show that the nonlinear model of controller workload based on static and dynamic sector complexity factors has better predictive ability and prediction performance, and can more accurately evaluate the workload of controller.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V355
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