基于程序管制的成拉复线PBN平行航路容量评估

发布时间：2018-10-31 07:05

【摘要】：随着民航业运输需求量的不断增加,现有航路航线结构已经不能满足航班流量的增长。在我国西部地区,成拉B213航路作为西藏地区与国内其他省市的大动脉,受高原地形等原因的限制,通讯、导航、监视台站信号覆盖不完整,只能使用程序管制手段,考虑到投入通讯导航等硬件设施的经济性、可操作性和实用性,构建基于PBN的成拉复线平行航路是目前增加航路容量的最有效的手段。本课题依托于成拉PBN平行航路安全及容量评估项目,展开对平行航路容量评估模型的研究。前期调研收集了成拉PBN航路的运行环境及该高原航线的特殊情况处置方案,为了精确地评估成拉航路采用PBN后航路容量的变化,研究了实施ADS-B(满足RNP4精度要求)对程序管制间隔的影响,借鉴时空转换的概念完成了时间间隔到距离间隔的转换,量化了通讯、导航、监视设备和天气等影响因素下间隔裕度,确定了航路的纵向间隔和横向间隔。研究中期提出了平行航路的三种运行模式,结合成拉航路的航班流特性对这三种模式的特点进行了分析说明。采用数学建模方法,剖析程序管制下航空器穿越高度的详细过程,创新地将高度层穿越影响分为直接影响和间接影响,构建考虑高度层穿越的平行航路容量评估模型。在上述研究的基础上,基于数学计算模型的评估方法评估了成拉航路单线双向和双线单向两种运行模式的容量,对比平行航路容量评估模型、传统理论容量评估模型和基于管制员工作负荷的雷达模拟机评估三种方案所得的容量值,验证本文构建模型的优越性和准确性。利用C+语言开发了成拉航路容量评估软件,评估了单线双向、双线单向和双线双向三种运行模式的容量值,分析模式不同容量值也不同的原因,确定了高度层穿越对成拉航路容量的影响值,论证实施PBN后航路的扩容效果。最后,利用Anylogic建立了三维可视的航路仿真软件,利用平台的三维仿真演示功能将航路运行状态重现给空域规划人员和管制员,提供直观可视化的航路运行状态以便开展空域规划等工作。总结规划成拉平行航路的带来的扩容优势,进一步提出增加航路容量的方案意见。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of civil aviation industry, the existing route structure can not meet the growth of flight traffic. In the western region of China, as the main artery between Tibet and other provinces and cities in the country, Chengla B213 is restricted by plateau topography and other reasons, such as incomplete coverage of signals from communications, navigation and surveillance stations, and can only be controlled by program. Considering the economy, maneuverability and practicability of the hardware facilities such as communication and navigation, it is the most effective means to build parallel route based on PBN to increase the capacity of navigation route. Based on the PBN parallel route safety and capacity evaluation project, the research of parallel route capacity evaluation model is carried out in this paper. In order to accurately evaluate the capacity change of PBN route after adopting PBN, the author collected the operating environment of Chela PBN route and the special case disposal scheme of the plateau route. This paper studies the effect of implementing ADS-B (to meet the precision requirement of RNP4) on the control interval of program, uses the concept of space-time conversion to complete the conversion of time interval to distance interval, quantifies the communication and navigation. The longitudinal and lateral intervals are determined by monitoring equipment and weather. In the middle of the study, three running modes of parallel routes are put forward, and the characteristics of these three modes are analyzed and explained in combination with the flight flow characteristics of Cheng-La route. By using mathematical modeling method, the detailed process of aircraft crossing height under program control is analyzed. The influence of altitude crossing is divided into direct and indirect effects, and a parallel route capacity evaluation model considering height crossing is constructed. On the basis of the above research, the evaluation method based on mathematical calculation model is used to evaluate the capacity of single line two-way and double line one-way operation mode of the drawing route, and the capacity evaluation model of parallel route is compared. The capacity values obtained from the traditional theoretical capacity evaluation model and the radar simulator evaluation scheme based on controller workload verify the superiority and accuracy of the proposed model. The capacity evaluation software is developed with C language to evaluate the capacity of single line two-way mode, two-line one-way mode and double-line two-way mode. The reasons why the different capacity values of the mode are different are analyzed. The influence value of height layer crossing on the capacity of drawing route is determined, and the expansion effect of the route after implementing PBN is demonstrated. Finally, the 3D visual simulation software is established by using Anylogic, and the flight path running state is reproduced to the airspace planners and controllers by using the three-dimensional simulation and demonstration function of the platform. Provide visual and visual route running state in order to carry out airspace planning and so on. This paper summarizes the advantages of expanding capacity brought by the planning of parallel route, and puts forward some suggestions for increasing the capacity of route.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V355.1

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