轴向多孔式磁流变减震器的设计及性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 12:17

【摘要】：磁流变液是现在一种研究广泛的新型智能材料,其性能优良、用途广泛,并且其流变特性随着磁场大小的变化而变化,以此为工作介质的磁流变减震器其结构简单、响应速度快、耗能小、阻尼力大且连续可调,在飞机、汽车及桥梁等方面有广阔的应用前景。本文首先依据磁流变液和磁流变减震器的基本理论,设计了一款轴向多孔式结构的磁流变减震器,该减震器采用活塞中环部设置圆孔形阻尼通道替代活塞外表面的环形间隙阻尼通道,采用缓冲气室直接加载惰性气体方式进行缓冲,并利用活塞外表面直接导向,省去了导向盘,使得结构得以简化。然后依据该结构完成了多孔阻尼通道的磁路设计,并利用ANSYS有限元软件对已设计的磁路结构进行了优化设计,优化结果表明,阻尼通道处的磁感应强度可达0.48T,接近理论值0.5T,使得磁路效率有较大提高。再有完成了磁流变减震器的材料选择、尺寸确定、加工和装配。对已装配后的磁流变减震器在液压振动控制伺服试验台上进行了静态和动态试验。静态、动态试验主要通过调整振幅、电流和频率的大小测试出其减振比和阻尼力的大小。实验通过修改阻尼孔径和减少小孔数量进行三组实验,实验结果对比表明,不同孔径情况下,在振幅3mm,频率1Hz下,电流由0.5A增加到0.7A,实验所表现的功量倍数分别由4.02增加到4.5和3.7增加到5.5,增幅为11.94%和48.65%。小孔数量减半,功量倍数比在0.7至0.9之间。实验数据为孔式磁流变减震器的研究提供了一定的参考。最后,针对本文的研究进行了总结和展望,为今后的研究提供了一些思路。
[Abstract]:Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is a new type of intelligent material, which has excellent properties and wide applications, and its rheological properties change with the change of magnetic field, so the structure of MRF shock absorber in working medium is simple. The response speed is fast, the energy consumption is small, the damping force is large and can be adjusted continuously, so it has a broad application prospect in aircraft, automobile and bridge. Based on the basic theory of magnetorheological fluid and magnetorheological shock absorber, a magneto-rheological shock absorber with axial porous structure is designed in this paper. In this damper, the circular hole damping channel is installed in the central part of the piston instead of the ring gap damping channel on the outer surface of the piston. The damping channel is directly loaded with the inert gas in the buffer chamber, and the external surface of the piston is directly guided. The guide disk is eliminated, and the structure is simplified. Then the magnetic circuit design of the porous damping channel is completed according to the structure, and the optimized design of the magnetic circuit structure has been carried out by using the ANSYS finite element software. The optimization results show that the magnetic induction intensity of the damping passage can reach 0.48T. Close to the theoretical value of 0.5 T, the magnetic circuit efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, the material selection, dimension determination, processing and assembly of Mr shock absorbers are completed. The static and dynamic tests of the assembled Mr shock absorber are carried out on the hydraulic vibration control servo test rig. The damping ratio and damping force are measured by adjusting the amplitude, current and frequency of the static and dynamic tests. Three groups of experiments were carried out by modifying the damping aperture and reducing the number of holes. The experimental results show that the current increases from 0.5 A to 0.7 A at the amplitude of 3 mm and the frequency of 1Hz at different aperture. The work multiple of the experiment was increased from 4.02 to 4.5 and 3.7 to 5.5, respectively, with an increase of 11.94% and 48.65%, respectively. The number of holes is halved and the ratio of work to volume is between 0.7 and 0.9. The experimental data provide a certain reference for the study of the hole Mr shock absorber. Finally, this paper summarizes and prospects the research, and provides some ideas for future research.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V226.2

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