高温气体模拟装置混合容腔设计与实验研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 18:29

【摘要】：气体温度模拟器是空间飞行器半实物仿真中的关键设备,为空间飞行器大气传感系统的半实物仿真提供响应速度快、精度高的气温信号。随着空间飞行器半实物仿真需求的不断发展,对温度模拟系统提出了更高的温度模拟范围和动态响应。本文通过空间飞行器在飞行过程中总温变化进行分析,针对温度模拟系统要求的模拟温度高、响应速度快的特点,提出了以高温等离子气体为热源,通过高低温气体混合的方式来产生所需的高温气体信号。首先,对现有的气体加热高温的方式进行了对比,选择了高温等离子气体为温度模拟系统的热源,并分析了高温气体在容腔内混合过程中存在的难点;针对相应的难点设计了一种利用双层结构的气体容腔来进行高低温气体的混合调温以及装置隔热处理。其次,对高温等离子喷枪出口处基本参量(温度、速度)的分布进行了理论分析,并基于Fluent对混合容腔温度场进行了仿真研究。通过对高低温气体混合过程进行数值模拟,研究了混合容腔内的气体温度场分布特性,分析了温度模拟装置各参数对混合腔内以及出口处的温度分布的影响;验证了本文的温度模拟装置产生高温气体的能力。仿真结果表明,通过调节低温气体流量和加热器功率可以实现900K~1400K的温度模拟;最后,根据气体温度模拟的原理搭建了气体温度模拟系统的实验装置,编写了温度模拟系统的实验控制软件和操作界面;对不同低温气体流量条件下的混合气体温度进行了实验研究。实验表明所设计温度模拟装置和混合容腔可以达到预期的温度模拟目标范围。本文的工作为空间飞行器半实物仿真中高温气体模拟装置的初步研究,为后续温度模拟系统的高精度控制研究奠定了良好的基础。本装置填补了国内小型化高温气体模拟的空白,具有极大的工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:The gas temperature simulator is the key equipment in the simulation of the space vehicle. It provides the temperature signal with fast response and high precision for the simulation of the air sensor system of the space vehicle. With the continuous development of the requirement of space vehicle hardware-in-the-loop simulation, a higher temperature simulation range and dynamic response are proposed for the temperature simulation system. In this paper, the change of total temperature of space vehicle during flight is analyzed. In view of the characteristics of high temperature and high response speed required by the temperature simulation system, the high temperature plasma gas is proposed as the heat source. A mixture of high and low temperatures is used to produce the desired high temperature gas signals. Firstly, the existing methods of heating high temperature are compared, the high temperature plasma gas is chosen as the heat source of the temperature simulation system, and the difficulties in the mixing process of high temperature gas in the cavity are analyzed. According to the corresponding difficulties, a double layer gas cavity is designed to adjust the mixture temperature of high and low temperature gas and heat insulation device. Secondly, the distribution of the basic parameters (temperature, velocity) at the outlet of the high temperature plasma spray gun is analyzed theoretically, and the temperature field of the mixing cavity is simulated based on Fluent. Through the numerical simulation of high and low temperature gas mixing process, the distribution characteristics of gas temperature field in the mixing chamber are studied, and the influence of the parameters of the temperature simulation device on the temperature distribution in the mixing chamber and at the outlet is analyzed. The ability of the temperature simulator to produce high temperature gas is verified. The simulation results show that the temperature simulation of 900K~1400K can be realized by adjusting the low temperature gas flow rate and heater power. Finally, according to the principle of gas temperature simulation, the experimental device of gas temperature simulation system is built, and the experimental control software and operating interface of the temperature simulation system are compiled. The temperature of mixed gas at different low temperature flow rate was studied experimentally. The experimental results show that the designed temperature simulation device and the mixing cavity can reach the expected temperature simulation target range. The work of this paper is a preliminary study of the high-temperature gas simulation device in the hardware-in-the-loop simulation of the space vehicle, and a good foundation for the research on the high-precision control of the subsequent temperature simulation system. The device fills up the blank of miniaturized high-temperature gas simulation in China and has great engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V416.8

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