天舟一号货运飞船空间实验装置蒸发相变地面实验

发布时间：2018-11-16 07:25

【摘要】：以天舟一号货运飞船为依托,开展空间蒸发相变传热规律的科学实验研究,探索重力对蒸发传热传质过程的影响规律.设计了一套地面蒸发实验平台,以蒸发相变液体FC-72为研究对象,通过红外热像仪测温、热流量计、差分热电偶等手段,观测FC-72液层在不同台面温度、注液量等情况下的相变界面变化、蒸发表面特性、流体物性及Marangoni对流涡胞的变化等,获取其蒸发两相流体的液层温度差、表面温度场、热流量值、蒸发速率和涡胞结构等.实验结果表明:在其他条件不变的情况下,FC-72液层与蒸发台面的温差越高,其蒸发速率越快;注液量越大,蒸发速率也越大;在蒸发过程中出现了浮力对流涡胞和Marangoni对流涡胞.此外,通过地面蒸发实验可以确定空间科学实验选用的实验介质和材料,进而优化确定空间科学实验的工况、参数及流程等,部分地面实验结果也将直接成为天地对比实验的科学成果.
[Abstract]:Based on the Tianzhou-1 cargo ship, a scientific experimental study on the heat transfer law of space evaporation phase transition is carried out to explore the influence of gravity on the heat and mass transfer process of evaporation. An experimental platform for surface evaporation is designed. The evaporative liquid FC-72 is taken as the object of study. The temperature measurement, thermal Flowmeter and differential thermocouple of the FC-72 liquid layer are used to observe the temperature of the FC-72 liquid layer at different table surface by means of infrared thermal imager, thermal Flowmeter, differential thermocouple and so on. The change of phase transition interface, evaporation surface characteristics, physical properties of fluid and Marangoni convection vortex cell were obtained under the condition of liquid injection. The liquid layer temperature difference, surface temperature field, heat flux value, evaporation rate and vortex cell structure of the evaporated two-phase fluid were obtained. The experimental results show that the higher the temperature difference between the FC-72 liquid layer and the evaporation table is, the faster the evaporation rate is, and the larger the liquid injection is, the larger the evaporation rate is, the higher the temperature difference between the FC-72 liquid layer and the evaporation table is, the faster the evaporation rate is. Buoyant convective vortices and Marangoni convective vortices appeared during evaporation. In addition, the experimental media and materials selected for space science experiments can be determined through ground evaporation experiments, and the conditions, parameters and processes of space science experiments can be optimized and determined. Some of the experimental results on the ground will also directly become the scientific results of the earth-air contrast experiment.
【作者单位】：中国科学院力学研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(11532015,11302236) 载人航天工程空间应用系统天舟一号货运飞船科学实验项目(TZYY08001) 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项空间科学预先研究项目(XDA04077800)共同资助
【分类号】：V524

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