基于特征的飞机蒙皮数控编程技术

发布时间：2018-11-22 09:39

【摘要】：结合国家科技重大专项及航空制造企业的实际需求,针对飞机蒙皮镜像铣削设备对数控编程的特殊要求,对基于特征的飞机蒙皮数控编程技术进行了深入研究。论文主要成果如下:1)对飞机蒙皮零件的加工装备及数控编程技术进行了深入的工业调研。通过对多种加工工艺的对比,得出蒙皮镜像铣削技术是飞机蒙皮零件加工的发展趋势。对蒙皮镜像铣削设备进一步调研发现,飞机蒙皮零件相交特征识别技术和刀轨自动生成技术是实现蒙皮镜像铣自动数控编程的瓶颈技术。2)提出了蒙皮零件相交特征的识别与重构方法。定义了具有几何与工艺高度耦合关系的蒙皮零件加工特征,基于属性面边图完成初步特征识别,通过定义特征极点划分加工区域完成特征重构,从而实现具有几何与工艺高度耦合的蒙皮零件相交特征的识别与重构。3)提出了基于特征的蒙皮镜像铣刀轨自动生成算法。依据蒙皮零件特征识别结果,通过填充、分割和曲面拓展等方法对相交特征的驱动面进行重构,通过B样条拟合的方法对相交特征的驱动边进行重构。基于特征定义驱动几何属性,分析转角位置残留,自动生成满足蒙皮镜像铣削要求的等步距、无交叉、无残留、无抬刀的刀具轨迹。4)研究成果在基于特征的蒙皮镜像铣快速数控编程系统中得到了应用验证,该系统已成功应用于某大型航空企业多项蒙皮零件的数控编程及加工中。
[Abstract]:According to the national important science and technology project and the actual demand of the aviation manufacturing enterprise, aiming at the special requirement of the aircraft skin mirror milling equipment to the numerical control programming, the feature based NC programming technology of the aircraft skin is studied in depth. The main achievements are as follows: 1) the processing equipment and NC programming technology of aircraft skin parts are investigated deeply. Through the comparison of various processing techniques, it is concluded that the mirror milling technology is the development trend of aircraft skin parts processing. Further investigation on the skin mirror milling equipment found that, The recognition technology of intersecting feature of aircraft skin parts and the automatic generating technology of cutter track are the bottleneck technology to realize automatic NC programming of skin mirror milling. 2) the method of recognition and reconstruction of intersecting feature of skin parts is proposed. The machining features of skinned parts with highly coupled geometry and process are defined. The initial feature recognition is completed based on the attribute edge graph, and the feature reconstruction is accomplished by defining the feature poles and dividing the processing area. Thus, the recognition and reconstruction of the intersecting features of the skin parts with highly coupled geometry and technology are realized. 3) an algorithm for automatic generation of the skin mirror milling cutter tracks based on the features is proposed. According to the recognition results of the skin parts, the driving surface of the intersecting feature is reconstructed by filling, segmentation and surface expansion, and the driving edge of the intersecting feature is reconstructed by B-spline fitting method. Based on the feature definition, the driving geometric attributes are defined, the corner position residues are analyzed, and the equal-step distance to meet the requirements of the skin mirror milling is automatically generated, and there is no crossover and no residue. 4) the research results have been verified in the feature based fast NC programming system of skin mirror milling. The system has been successfully applied to the NC programming and machining of many skin parts in a large aviation enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V260.6

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