无人机数据链抗干扰性能评估及测试系统研制

发布时间：2019-04-21 18:53

【摘要】：无人机具备成本低廉、操作简单、环境适应能力强等优点,应用范围愈加广泛。无人机数据链是无人机可靠通信的重要保障,可实现无人机与地面指挥控制中心以及空中通信设备之间的实时数据传输。然而,无人机数据链复杂多变的传播环境以及敌方有针对性的电磁干扰,对数据链设备的可靠传输能力提出了更高的要求,因此有必要建立合适的干扰传播环境模型进行系统性能评估。本文通过建立干扰传播环境模型,分析无人机数据链在不同环境和干扰样式下的综合抗干扰性能,并据此设计实现了硬件模拟测试系统。论文主要工作如下:介绍了航空无线信道的基本特性以及干扰理论,对目前航空无线信道理论模型和实测模型进行了分析比较;建立了无人机数据链干扰传播环境模型,并给出了一种基于飞行轨迹的模型参数计算方法;详细推导了不同干扰样式下接收端瞬时信噪比、瞬时干信比、瞬时信干噪比、中断概率以及系统误码性能,从而为数据链系统的设计和规划提供理论依据。基于建立的干扰传播环境模型以及系统的预期性能指标,通过对硬件平台方案的论证,提出了一种无人机数据链干扰环境仿真仪的系统实现方案,重点研究了不同样式干扰源模块、多径衰落信道模块和高精度信道噪声模块等关键模块的FPGA设计与实现。利用远程调测软件和本地主机应用软件,分别对静态场景和动态飞行场景下无人机数据链干扰环境仿真仪进行了实测,测试结果表明该仿真仪能够满足系统的设计指标要求,可为无人机数据链通信系统提供一个完整的、可重复的性能评估测试平台,从而有效缩短数据链设备的研发周期,降低研发风险。
[Abstract]:UAV has many advantages, such as low cost, simple operation and strong adaptability to environment. UAV data link is an important guarantee for UAV reliable communication. It can realize real-time data transmission between UAV and ground command and control center as well as air communication equipment. However, the complex and changeable propagation environment of the UAV data link and the targeted electromagnetic interference of the enemy put forward higher requirements for the reliable transmission capability of the data link equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a suitable interference propagation environment model to evaluate the system performance. In this paper, the integrated anti-jamming performance of UAV data link under different environments and interference modes is analyzed by establishing the interference propagation environment model, and the hardware simulation test system is designed and implemented. The main work of this paper is as follows: the basic characteristics and interference theory of aeronautical wireless channel are introduced, and the theoretical model and measured model of aeronautical wireless channel are analyzed and compared. An environment model of UAV data link interference propagation is established, and a model parameter calculation method based on flight trajectory is given. In this paper, the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, interrupt probability and system error performance of the receiver under different interference modes are derived in detail, thus providing a theoretical basis for the design and planning of the data link system. Based on the established interference propagation environment model and the expected performance index of the system, a system realization scheme of UAV data link interference environment simulator is put forward through the demonstration of hardware platform scheme. The FPGA design and implementation of the key modules, such as different interference source modules, multipath fading channel modules and high-precision channel noise modules, are studied in detail. Using remote measurement software and local host application software, the UAV data link interference environment simulator is measured in static and dynamic flight scenarios, respectively. The test results show that the simulator can meet the requirements of the system design index. It can provide a complete and repeatable performance evaluation and test platform for UAV data link communication system, thus effectively shorten the research and development cycle of data link equipment and reduce the risk of research and development.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V279

【参考文献】