超宽频带多极化的跟踪天线及馈源
发布时间：2019-04-26 00:35
【摘要】：随着空间技术的快速发展,对飞行器的应用趋于多元化和普遍化。从国防和研究等诸多角度考虑,对目标飞行器的跟踪与信息截获变得越来越重要。为了实现对目标飞行器的跟踪和信息截获,首先需要设计一个满足指标要求的跟踪天线。本文的工作主要就集中在跟踪天线的研究和设计上,主要包括以下几个方面:第一,根据跟踪距离、应用环境、极化方式等指标的要求,设计大口径反射面天线来实现对目标的跟踪和信息截获。使用HFSS仿真软件进行馈源仿真分析,然后通过编程计算和FEKO仿真两种方式计算次级方向图,并对两种方法进行了对比分析,解决了电大反射面天线的分析计算问题。结果表明,两种方法的计算结果比较吻合。第二,为了解决跟踪天线的宽频带问题,使用八个对数周期单元天线组成圆环阵作为反射面天线的馈源。为了减轻馈源重量、降低支撑杆的负荷,对对数周期天线基于印制板进行设计。通过编程对LPDA天线的相位中心分布问题作了详细研究。并采用电磁仿真软件设计了满足指标要求的印刷对数周期偶极天线,详细分析了各个结构参数对其辐射特性的影响。LPDA天线单元的实测表明,设计带宽满足指标要求。第三,对结构和馈电幅相进行设计,从而实现线极化比幅跟踪、左旋圆极化接收、右旋圆极化接收三种工作方式。对馈电幅相进行容差分析,对于波束合成网络和移相器的指标分配具有指导意义。第四,为了实现在宽频带内的稳定工作,尤其是要保证交叉波束的交叉电平稳定在-3dB~-8dB之间,本文详细研究了馈源偏焦对次级方向图的影响,并结合LPDA天线相位中心分布规律实现了具有稳定交叉电平的比幅跟踪波束。第五,为了解决实际测试中暴露的馈电结构对辐射特性影响较大的问题,本文研究了几种常见的馈电结构,并提出了一种打孔馈电的方式,从而解决了馈电结构对天线辐射性能的影响。最后,对本文设计的跟踪天线进行加工,并进行天线系统测试,解决测试中遇到的问题。实际测试结果表明,本文设计的跟踪天线满足指标和实际使用要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of space technology, the application of spacecraft tends to be diversified and generalized. From the perspective of national defense and research, tracking and information interception of target aircraft is becoming more and more important. In order to track and intercept the target aircraft, it is necessary to design a tracking antenna to meet the target requirements. The main work of this paper is focused on the research and design of tracking antenna, including the following aspects: first, according to the requirements of tracking distance, application environment, polarization mode, etc. A large aperture reflector antenna is designed to track and intercept the target. The feed simulation is carried out by using HFSS simulation software, and then the secondary pattern is calculated by programming calculation and FEKO simulation. The two methods are compared and analyzed, and the problem of analysis and calculation of the large reflector antenna is solved. The results show that the calculation results of the two methods are in good agreement. Secondly, in order to solve the broadband problem of the tracking antenna, a circular array of eight logarithmic periodic antennas is used as the feed of the reflector antenna. In order to lighten the feed weight and reduce the load of the supporting rod, the logarithmic periodic antenna is designed based on the printed circuit board (PCB). The phase center distribution of LPDA antenna is studied in detail by programming. The printed logarithmic periodic dipole antenna is designed by using electromagnetic simulation software, and the influence of each structure parameter on its radiation characteristics is analyzed in detail. The measurement of LPDA antenna element shows that the design bandwidth meets the requirement of the index. Thirdly, the structure and the feed amplitude and phase are designed, so that the linear polarization ratio tracking, left-handed circular polarization receiving and right-handed circular polarization receiving are realized. The tolerance analysis of the feed amplitude and phase is of guiding significance for the allocation of the parameters of the beamforming network and the phase shifter. Fourthly, in order to achieve the stability in the broadband, especially to ensure the cross-level of the cross-beam is stable between-3dB~-8dB, this paper studies the influence of the bias of the feed on the secondary pattern in detail. The amplitude-to-amplitude tracking beam with stable cross-level is realized by combining the phase center distribution rule of LPDA antenna. Fifthly, in order to solve the problem that the exposed feed structure has a great influence on the radiation characteristics, this paper studies several common feed structures, and puts forward a way to feed through holes. Thus, the influence of the feed structure on the radiation performance of the antenna is solved. Finally, the tracking antenna designed in this paper is processed, and the antenna system test is carried out to solve the problems encountered in the test. The practical test results show that the tracking antenna designed in this paper meets the requirements of target and practical application.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V556
本文编号：2465599
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of space technology, the application of spacecraft tends to be diversified and generalized. From the perspective of national defense and research, tracking and information interception of target aircraft is becoming more and more important. In order to track and intercept the target aircraft, it is necessary to design a tracking antenna to meet the target requirements. The main work of this paper is focused on the research and design of tracking antenna, including the following aspects: first, according to the requirements of tracking distance, application environment, polarization mode, etc. A large aperture reflector antenna is designed to track and intercept the target. The feed simulation is carried out by using HFSS simulation software, and then the secondary pattern is calculated by programming calculation and FEKO simulation. The two methods are compared and analyzed, and the problem of analysis and calculation of the large reflector antenna is solved. The results show that the calculation results of the two methods are in good agreement. Secondly, in order to solve the broadband problem of the tracking antenna, a circular array of eight logarithmic periodic antennas is used as the feed of the reflector antenna. In order to lighten the feed weight and reduce the load of the supporting rod, the logarithmic periodic antenna is designed based on the printed circuit board (PCB). The phase center distribution of LPDA antenna is studied in detail by programming. The printed logarithmic periodic dipole antenna is designed by using electromagnetic simulation software, and the influence of each structure parameter on its radiation characteristics is analyzed in detail. The measurement of LPDA antenna element shows that the design bandwidth meets the requirement of the index. Thirdly, the structure and the feed amplitude and phase are designed, so that the linear polarization ratio tracking, left-handed circular polarization receiving and right-handed circular polarization receiving are realized. The tolerance analysis of the feed amplitude and phase is of guiding significance for the allocation of the parameters of the beamforming network and the phase shifter. Fourthly, in order to achieve the stability in the broadband, especially to ensure the cross-level of the cross-beam is stable between-3dB~-8dB, this paper studies the influence of the bias of the feed on the secondary pattern in detail. The amplitude-to-amplitude tracking beam with stable cross-level is realized by combining the phase center distribution rule of LPDA antenna. Fifthly, in order to solve the problem that the exposed feed structure has a great influence on the radiation characteristics, this paper studies several common feed structures, and puts forward a way to feed through holes. Thus, the influence of the feed structure on the radiation performance of the antenna is solved. Finally, the tracking antenna designed in this paper is processed, and the antenna system test is carried out to solve the problems encountered in the test. The practical test results show that the tracking antenna designed in this paper meets the requirements of target and practical application.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：V556
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