基于跑道容量的飞机推出控制研究

发布时间：2019-05-15 12:41

【摘要】：民航客货运输的飞速发展加剧了机场有限资源设施的负担,尤其是在恶劣天气条件下,由于机场滑行道系统内部交通拥堵,大大降低了场面运行效率,造成大面积的航班延误。离港航空器从停机位推出后,由于路径分配问题,可能长时间处于滑行道交叉口停止等待,进而导致油耗过高,增大经济损失。文章通过优化离港航班从停机位到跑道端口起飞等待队列的滑行路径来进行飞机的推出控制。首先通过对机场运行流程及飞机地面滑行过程的简单介绍,引入文章研究的主要对象,结合有向图理论,将机场构形抽象为由节点和链接组成的网络拓扑结构,构建飞机地面滑行模型,其次将航空公司满意度和滑行道负载情况一一量化,与飞机地面实际开机滑行时间和每一时隙内滑行道交叉点处经过及停止等待的飞机数联系起来,将飞机滑行速度,以及滑行过程中飞机间尾流间隔作为约束条件,定义目标函数来最大化旅客和航空公司满意度,同时平均滑行道负载。再次基于背压路由思想,提出适用于机场滑行道系统的离港航班路径优化算法,为航班分配最优滑行路径,减少延误,并引入李雅普诺夫漂移来对算法的性能进行验证。最后通过MATLAB数学分析软件,利用国内某大型枢纽机场的实际运行数据对模型及算法进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:论文所提出的算法能够有效的减小飞机地面开机滑行时间,提高航空公司满意度,改善滑行道系统的负载情况。同时,该算法使航班正点情况有所提高,大大增大了机场通行量,机场运行效率也得到明显改善,使机场、航空公司及旅客等多方受益,为机场容量评估,及后续增设航站楼,机场改扩建等,提供建设性意见。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of civil aviation passenger and freight transportation aggravates the burden of airport limited resources and facilities, especially under bad weather conditions, due to the traffic congestion in the airport taxiway system, the operation efficiency of the scene is greatly reduced, resulting in a large area of flight delays. After the departure aircraft is introduced from the parking position, due to the problem of path distribution, it may stop waiting at the taxiway intersection for a long time, which may lead to excessive fuel consumption and increase the economic loss. In this paper, the sliding path of departure flight from stop position to runway port departure waiting queue is optimized to control the launch of aircraft. First of all, through a brief introduction to the airport operation process and aircraft ground taxiing process, the main object of this paper is introduced, and combined with the directed graph theory, the airport configuration is abstracted as a network topology composed of nodes and links. The aircraft ground taxiing model is constructed. Secondly, the airline satisfaction and taxiway load are quantified one by one, which is related to the actual start-up taxiway time of the aircraft and the number of aircraft passing and stopping waiting at the crossing point of the taxiway in each time slot. Taking the aircraft taxiing speed and the wake interval between aircraft as constraints, the objective function is defined to maximize the satisfaction of passengers and airlines, and the average taxiway load is at the same time. Thirdly, based on the idea of back pressure routing, an algorithm for optimizing the departure flight path for airport taxiway system is proposed, which allocates the optimal taxiing path to the flight and reduces the delay, and the Lianov drift is introduced to verify the performance of the algorithm. Finally, through MATLAB mathematical analysis software, the model and algorithm are simulated and verified by using the actual operation data of a large hub airport in China. The simulation results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the time of aircraft ground start-up and taxiway, improve the satisfaction of airlines and improve the load of taxiway system. At the same time, the algorithm improves the flight punctuality, greatly increases the airport traffic, and significantly improves the airport operation efficiency, which benefits the airport, airlines, passengers and other parties, for airport capacity assessment, and the subsequent addition of terminal buildings. Reconstruction and expansion of the airport, etc., to provide constructive advice.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：V355

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