中空介孔二氧化硅的制备及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 03:06

本文选题：二氧化硅 + 金纳米颗粒　；参考：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近十几年来,随着环境污染日益严重及人们需求的日益增加,越来越多来源广泛且节能环保型材料引起了科学家们的广泛关注,其中二氧化硅材料凭借着来源广泛、价格低廉、安全无毒等优势吸引了人们的眼球,将其制作成介孔或中空介孔结构更是能够大大提高材料本身的比表面积和孔体积,极大的增加了其吸附能力。由于该材料表面有大量硅羟基存在,可以对其表面进行修饰,增加材料本身的生物相容性,因此介孔或中空介孔二氧化硅材料集以上所有优点和特性于一身,能够广泛应用于催化、医疗、环境保护等领域。在本论文中,我们制备了多种不同结构类型的中空介孔二氧化硅纳米材料,并对其性能进行了表征,具体工作如下：第一章：简述了介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(MSNs)及中空介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(HMSNs)的制备方法、影响因素及应用。第二章：我们利用软模板法,以硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)和3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)为硅源,通过溶胶-凝胶过程及选择性刻蚀技术制备了单层中空介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(SHMSNs),然后以制得的SHMSNs为初始模板进一步制得了双层中空介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(DHMSNs)。在制备过程中,我们研究了各种因素对产物形貌结构的影响,如催化剂、刻蚀剂、反应温度及刻蚀时间等,并对制得的产物的性能进行了表征,经表征证明,SHMSNs和DHMSNs均具有结构良好的单层及双层中空介孔结构,且拥有大的比表面积(SHMSNs为103.4m2g-1,DHMSNs为152.3 m2 g-1),在载药释药实验中也表现出了令人满意的载药量及缓释特性。第三章：我们制备了二氧化硅包覆金核的多功能型复合材料,首先根据文献报道的方法(有所改动)制得单分散的包金介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(Au@mSiO2),在此基础上,通过层叠法和选择性刻蚀技术进一步制备了核-壳包金中空介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(Au@mSiO2@hollow mSiO2).同样,我们研究了金前体(HAuCl4)用量对金纳米核的影响,并对制得的产物的性能进行了相关表征,经表征证明,Au@mSiO2和Au@mSiO2@hollow mSiO2均具有各自良好的包金介孔及包金中空介孔结构,Au@mSiO2@hollow mSiO2更是拥有大的比表面积(270 m2g-1),且表现出了高的热稳定性能。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, with the increasing of environmental pollution and people's demand, more and more materials of energy saving and environmental protection have attracted the attention of scientists. Among them, silicon dioxide materials have a wide range of sources and low price. The advantages of safety and non-toxicity attract people's attention. Making them into mesoporous or hollow mesoporous structures can greatly improve the specific surface area and pore volume of the material and greatly increase its adsorption capacity. Due to the presence of a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the material, it can be modified to increase the biocompatibility of the material itself. Therefore, the mesoporous or hollow mesoporous silica material has all the above advantages and characteristics. Can be widely used in catalysis, medical treatment, environmental protection and other fields. In this thesis, we prepared a variety of hollow mesoporous silica nanomaterials with different structures and characterized their properties. The main work is as follows: in Chapter 1, the preparation methods, influencing factors and applications of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) are briefly described. Chapter 2: we used tetraethyl silicate (TEOS) and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) as silicon source by soft template method. The monolayer hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel process and selective etching technique, and then the double-layer hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles were further prepared by using the SHMSNs prepared as the initial template. In the process of preparation, we studied the influence of various factors on the morphology and structure of the product, such as catalyst, etchant, reaction temperature and etching time, and characterized the properties of the prepared products. It is proved that both SHMSNs and DHMSNs have good monolayer and double-layer hollow mesoporous structures, and have a large specific surface area of 103.4m2g-1DHMSNs of 152.3 m2g-1ns, showing satisfactory drug loading and slow-release properties. Chapter 3: we have prepared the multifunctional composite materials of silica coated with gold nuclei. Firstly, we prepared monodisperse gold coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles AumSiO2 based on the methods reported in the literature. The core-shell gold hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles were further prepared by stacking and selective etching techniques. Similarly, the effect of the amount of gold precursor HAuCl _ 4 on the gold nanocrystalline was studied, and the properties of the prepared products were characterized. It has been proved that both Au@ mSiO _ 2 and Au@mSiO2@hollow mSiO2 have good mesoporous and hollow mesoporous structure AumSiO _ 2 mSiO2 with large specific surface area of 270m2g-1g ~ (-1), and exhibit high thermal stability.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ127.2;TB383

【参考文献】